Veränderungen des Beckenbodens durch Schwangerschaft und Geburt

Zusammenfassung

Das Bewusstsein, dass durch eine vaginale Geburt ein Schaden am Beckenboden entstehen kann, ist in den letzten Jahren durch ein besseres Verständnis der Konsequenzen, verbesserte Methoden der präzisen neurophysiologischen Untersuchung und einer zunehmend verbesserten Datenlage über die Prognose, deutlich gestiegen. Schwangerschaft und vaginale Geburt sind oft verantwortlich für den Beginn einer Belastungsharninkontinenz und eines Beckenbodenschadens. Die Mehrzahl der publizierten Daten basiert auf einer Analyse, die von Fragebögen stammt. Nur eine kleine Anzahl prospektiver Studien ist derzeit verfügbar, um die Einflüsse der Schwangerschaft und Geburt auf den Beginn einer Harn- oder Stuhlinkontinenz oder Störungen des Beckenbodens zu untersuchen. Longitudinale Studien wären notwendig, um die Langzeitfolgen der Schwangerschaft und Geburt auf den unteren Harntrakt und die Beckenbodenfunktion zu erheben.

Abstract

In the last years, due to a better understanding of consequences, better and more precise neurophysiological examinations and more conclusive clinical data on prognosis, the awareness increased that a vaginal delivery may result in damage to the pelvic floor. Pregnancy and vaginal delivery are mostly responsible for the beginning of stress urinary incontinence and injury to the pelvic floor. The majority of published data is based on analyses of questionnaires. Only few prospective studies are available which examine the influence of pregnancy and delivery on the beginning of urinary or stool incontinence or disturbances of the pelvic floor. Longitudinal studies are required to evaluate the long-term effects of pregnancy and delivery on the lower urinary tract and function of the pelvic floor.

Beckenboden - Schwangerschaft - Geburtsmodus - Prävention

Pelvic floor - pregnancy - mode of delivery - prevention

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