Zusammenfassung
Kohlenmonoxid entsteht bei inkompletter Verbrennung organischer Materie, wird über
die Lungen in den Kreislauf aufgenommen und verdrängt dort Sauerstoff aus der Hämoglobinbindung.
Dosisabhängig treten Intoxikationserscheinungen wie Kopfschmerzen, Schwindelgefühl,
Übelkeit, Krampfanfälle und Koma auf. Kohlenmonoxid wird aber auch endogen im Rahmen
des Hämabbaus gebildet, eine Reaktion, die durch die Hämoxygenase katalysiert wird.
Das Isoenzym Hämoxygenase-1 wird durch oxidativen Stress induziert und vermittelt
zytoprotektive Mechanismen, die in erster Linie dem gebildeten Kohlenmonoxid zugeschrieben
werden. Exogen zugeführtes Kohlenmonoxid zeigte in tierexperimentellen Studien ebenfalls
protektive Wirkungen. Neben seinen toxischen Eigenschaften sind daher mittlerweile
auch potenziell antiinflammatorische und zytoprotektive Wirkungen von Kohlenmonoxid
in den Mittelpunkt des wissenschaftlichen Interesses gerückt.
Abstract
Carbon monoxide arises during incomplete combustion of organic material, is incorporated
into the circulation via the lungs and displaces oxygen from hemoglobin. Consecutively,
symptoms of intoxication such as headache, vertigo, nausea, seizures and coma may
result in a dose dependent fashion. Carbon monoxide is however also generated endogenously
during heme degradation catalysed by heme oxgenase enzymes. The isoform hemeoxygenase-1
is inducible by oxidative stress and may mediate cytoprotection mainly attributable
to endogenously produced carbon monoxide. Exogenous applied carbon monoxide has also
been shown to confer protection in experimental studies. Meanwhile, in addition to
the toxicological properties, antiinflammatory and cytoprotective effects of carbon
monoxide have moved into the focus of scientific interest.
Schlüsselwörter
Inflammation - Hämoxygenase - Intoxikation - Zytoprotektion
Key words
Inflammation - heme oxygenase - intoxication - cytoprotection
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Prof. Dr. Stephan A. Loer, M. D., M. Sc.
Klinik für Anästhesiologie
Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf · Moorenstraße 5 · 40225 Düsseldorf
Email: loer@med.uni-duesseldorf.de
