A case of acute obstructive hydrocephalus in a patient undergoing an aortic valve
replacement is presented. This condition came about as a result of massive left cerebellar
hemisphere infarction, probably due to a calcific embolism from the aortic valve.
The cerebrospinal fluid circulation was blocked by compression of the fourth ventricle
and the Sylvius aqueduct secondary to ischemic edema. Following external ventricular
drainage, the hydrocephalus resolved but a neurological deficit secondary to the cerebellar
and brain stem infarction became evident. The diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic
implications of this unusual complication following cardiac surgery are discussed.
Key words
Cardiopulmonary bypass - Cerebellar infarction - Hydrocephalus
