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Physikalische Medizin, Rehabilitationsmedizin, Kurortmedizin 2007; 17(3): 156-171
DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-956519
DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-956519
Weiter-und Fortbildung
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Heterotope Ossifikation bei Querschnittlähmung und Schädel-Hirn-Trauma
Heterotopic Ossification in Spinal Cord Injury and Traumatic Brain InjuryWeitere Informationen
Publikationsverlauf
eingereicht: 2.9.2005
angenommen: 27.10.2006
Publikationsdatum:
11. Juni 2007 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Die Formen der hereditären und der erworbenen heterotopen Ossifikation (HO) sind bekannt. Letztere, welche die häufiger vorkommende Form ist, wird eingeteilt in traumatische (THO) und neurogene (NHO) heterotope Ossifikationen. Die neurogene heterotope Ossifikation ist eine häufige Komplikation nach Rückenmarksverletzungen mit konsekutiver Querschnitt-lähmung sowie Schädel-Hirn-Verletzungen. Die neurogene heterotope Ossifikation wird häufig nach Auftreten der ersten klinischen Symptome diagnostiziert und ist sehr schwer zu therapieren. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden die Inzidenz, die Lokalisation, die klinischen Zeichen und die Risikofaktoren hervorgehoben. Besonderes Augenmerk liegt auf den gebräuchlichsten diagnostischen Maßnahmen sowie Therapie-Optionen.
Abstract
There are two existing forms of heterotopic ossification: the hereditary and the acquired forms. The acquired heterotopic ossification is the most common form. It is classified in two groups, the traumatic heterotopic ossification (THO) and the neurogenic heterotopic ossification (NHO). The neurogenic heterotopic ossification (NHO) is a common complication after spinal cord injury (SCI) and after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The early diagnosis and treatment of neurogenic heterotopic ossifications is difficult. This review describes the incidence, the location, the clinical signs and the risk factors. Additionally, the different diagnostic and therapeutic methods currently used in NHO management after SCI and TBI will be discussed.
Schlüsselwörter
heterotope Ossifikation - Paraosteoarthropathie (POA) - ektope Ossifikation - Knochenneubildung - Querschnittlähmung - Schädel-Hirn-Trauma (SHT) - Diagnostik - Therapie
Key words
neurogenic heterotopic ossification - ectopic bone - spinal cord injury (SCI) - traumatic brain injury (TBI) - diagnosis - therapy
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Korrespondenzadresse
Dr. med. M. Akbar
Stiftung Orthopädische Universitätsklinik Heidelberg
Schlierbacher Landstrasse 200A
69118 Heidelberg
eMail: michael.akbar@ok.uni-heidelberg.de