Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-963413
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Comparison of Perfusion Harmonic Imaging and Perfusion MR Imaging for the Assessment of Microvascular Characteristics in Brain Tumors
Beurteilung von veränderten mikrovaskulären Eigenschaften von Hirntumoren Perfusionssonografie (PHI) im Vergleich zur Perfusions-MRI (pMRI)Publication History
received: 27.12.2006
accepted: 10.7.2007
Publication Date:
21 December 2007 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Ziel der Studie war, die veränderten mikrovaskulären Eigenschaften von Hirntumoren mit der Perfusionssonografie (Perfusion Harmonic Imaging, PHI) im Vergleich zur etablierten Perfusions-MRI (pMRI) zu beurteilen. Material und Methoden: Fünfundzwanzig Patienten mit Hirntumoren wurden mit transtemporaler PHI und 14 dieser Patienten zusätzlich mit pMRI untersucht. Anhand beider Methoden wurden Zeitintensitätskurven von Tumor und Hirngewebe errechnet (Regions of interest, ROI) und die nachstehenden Parameter zwischen diesen beiden Regions of Interest und zwischen den beiden Methoden verglichen: Zeit bis zur Maximalintensität (TTP [s]), die Ratio der Maximalintensität (PI-Ratio), die Ratio der Anstiegssteilheit (PG-Ratio) und die Ratio der Fläche unter der Kurve (AUC-Ratio) jeweils von Tumor/Hirngewebe. Als Signifikanzniveau wurde p < 0,05 gewählt. Ergebnisse: Vier von 25 Patienten wurde wegen eines unzureichenden Knochenfensters oder ungünstiger Tumorlokalisation ausgeschlossen. Im nativen B-mode zeigte sich bei 86 % der Patienten eine fokale abnorme Echogenität. Die Kontrastmittelgabe führte bei allen Patienten zu einem deutlichen Anstieg der Echogenität mit hierzu korrespondierenden Zeitintensitätskurven. Sowohl PHI als auch pMRI zeigten signifikante Unterschiede der PI, der PG und der AUC im Vergleich von Tumor und Hirngewebe (PHI: p < 0,001 / < 0,001 / < 0,001; pMRI: p < 0,05 / < 0,05 < 0,001); während sich für die TTP kein Unterschied ergab. Der Vergleich von PHI- und pMRI-Daten zeigte keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen beiden Methoden für drei der vier untersuchten Parameterratios. Schlussfolgerung: PHI ist eine neue, vielversprechende Methode zur Beurteilung mikrovaskulärer Charakteristika und der pathologisch veränderten Perfusion von Hirntumoren, die sich in dieser Untersuchung der pMRI in Grenzen vergleichbar zeigte. In weiteren Studien sollte die klinische Einsetzbarkeit der PHI insbesondere bei Therapiestudien getestet werden.
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of perfusion harmonic imaging (pHI) for assessing microvascular characteristics of brain tumors and to compare this ultrasound technique to perfusion MRI (pMRI). Materials and Methods: Twenty-five patients with brain tumors underwent transtemporal pHI and fourteen of these patients underwent additional pMRI. Time-intensity curves of two different regions of interest (ROIs; (1) enhancing tumor; (2) healthy brain) were calculated off-line, and the following parameters were compared between the two ROIs and the two methodologies: time-to-peak intensity (TTP [sec]), the ratios of the peak intensities (PI ratio), the ratios of the positive slope gradient (PG ratio) and the ratios of the area under the curve (AUC ratio). p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Four of 25 patients were excluded due to bone window insufficiency or unfavorable tumor location. Focal abnormal echogenicity was detected in native B-mode in 86 % of the patients. Contrast agent administration led to remarkable echo enhancement in the tumor in all patients with corresponding time-intensity curves. Both pHI and pMRI showed significant differences with respect to the mean PI, PG and AUC (pHI: p < 0.001 / < 0.001 / < 0.001; pMRI: p < 0.05 / < 0.05 / < 0.001) when comparing tumor to healthy brain. The TTP was not significantly different in tumor and brain tissue. Comparison of pHI and pMRI data did not show any significant differences for three of four parameter ratios between both methodologies. Conclusion: PHI provides a new technique for assessing microvascular characteristics of brain tumors reflecting their abnormal perfusion. Overall comparison of this methodology to pMRI demonstrated encouraging results. Further studies should address the clinical potential of pHI especially in view of microvascular response to anti-angiogenic treatment.
Key words
brain tumor - contrast media - perfusion imaging - transcranial sonography - microcirculation
References
- 1
Lopes M B.
Angiogenesis in brain tumors.
Microsc Res Tech.
2003;
60
225-230
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 2
Merrill M J, Oldfield E H.
A reassessment of vascular endothelial growth factor in central nervous system pathology.
J Neurosurg.
2005;
103
853-868
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 3
Jackson A, Jayson G C, Li K L. et al .
Reproducibility of quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in newly presenting
glioma.
Brit J Radiol.
2003;
76
153-162
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 4
McDonald D M, Choyke P L.
Imaging of angiogenesis: from microscope to clinic.
Nat Med.
2003;
9
713-725
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 5
Padhani A R.
Functional MRI for anticancer therapy assessment.
Eur J Cancer.
2002;
38
2116-2127
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 6
Zhu X P, Li K L, Kamaly-Asl I D. et al .
Quantification of endothelial permeability, leakage space, and blood volume in brain
tumours using combined T 1 and T 2* contrast-enhanced dynamic MR imaging.
J Magn Reson Imaging.
2000;
11
575-585
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 7
Harrer J U, Klötzsch C.
Second harmonic imaging of the human brain: The practicability of coronal insonation
planes and alternative perfusion parameters.
Stroke.
2002;
33
1530-1535
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 8
Meairs S, Daffertshofer M, Neff W. et al .
Pulse-inversion contrast harmonic imaging: ultrasonographic assessment of cerebral
perfusion.
Lancet.
2000;
355
550-551
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 9
Seidel G, Meyer K.
Harmonic imaging - a new method for the sonographic assessment of cerebral perfusion.
Eur J Ultrasound.
2001;
14
103-113
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 10
Eyding J, Krogias C, Wilkening W. et al .
Detection of cerebral perfusion abnormalities in acute stroke using phase inversion
harmonic imaging (PIHI): preliminary results.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry.
2004;
75
926-929
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 11
Federlein J, Postert T, Meves S. et al .
Ultrasonic evaluation of pathological brain perfusion in acute stroke using second
harmonic imaging.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry.
2000;
69
616-622
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 12
Harrer J U, Mayfrank L, Mull M. et al .
Second harmonic imaging: A new ultrasound technique to assess human brain tumour perfusion.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry.
2003;
74
333-338
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 13
Postert T, Muhs A, Meves S. et al .
Transient response harmonic imaging.
Stroke.
1998;
29
1901-1907
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 14
Schlachetzki F, Hoelscher T, Dorenbeck U. et al .
Sonographic parenchymal and brain perfusion imaging: preliminary results in four patients
following decompressive surgery for malignant middle cerebral artery infarct.
Ultrasound Med Biol.
2001;
27
21-31
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 15
Seidel G, Albers T, Meyer K. et al .
Perfusion harmonic imaging in acute middle cerebral artery infarction.
Ultrasound Med Biol.
2003;
29
1245-1251
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 16
Seidel G, Meyer-Wiethe K, Berdien G. et al .
Ultrasound perfusion imaging in acute middle cerebral artery infarction predicts outcome.
Stroke.
2004;
35
1107-1111
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 17
Cangur H, Meyer-Wiethe K, Seidel G.
Comparison of flow parameters to analyse bolus kinetics of ultrasound contrast enhancement
in a capillary flow model.
Ultraschall in Med.
2004;
25
418-421
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 18
Bartels E, Henning S, Wellmer A. et al .
Bestimmung des zerebralen Perfusionsdefizits bei Schlaganfallpatienten mittels der
neuen transkraniellen kontrastmittelverstärkten CPS™-Technologie - Vorläufige Ergebnisse.
Ultraschall in Med.
2005;
26
478-486
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 19
Kern R, Perren F, Schoeneberger K. et al .
Ultrasound microbubble destruction imaging in acute middle cerebral artery stroke.
Stroke.
2004;
35
1665-1670
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 20
Meyer K, Wiesmann M, Albers T. et al .
Harmonic imaging in acute stroke: detection of a cerebral perfusion deficit with ultrasound
and perfusion MRI.
J Neuroimaging.
2003;
13
166-168
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 21
Wiesmann M, Meyer K, Albers T. et al .
Parametric perfusion imaging with contrast-enhanced ultrasound in acute ischemic stroke.
Stroke.
2004;
35
508-513
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 22
Sugahara T, Korogi Y, Kochi M. et al .
Perfusion-sensitive MR imaging of gliomas: comparison between gradient-echo and spin-echo
echo-planar imaging techniques.
Am J Neuroradiol.
2001;
22
1306-1315
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 23
Law M, Cha S, Knopp E A. et al .
High-grade gliomas and solitary metastases: differentiation by using perfusion and
proton spectroscopic MR imaging.
Radiology.
2002;
222
715-721
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 24
Harrer J U, Hornen S, Valaikiene J. et al .
Transcranial Ultrasound Perfusion Imaging: Implementation of a low MI and a high frame
rate.
Ultraschall in Med.
2007;
in press
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 25
Eyding J, Krogias C, Schöllhammer M. et al .
Contrast-enhanced ultrasonic parametric perfusion imaging detects dysfunctional tissue
at risk in acute MCA stroke.
J Cereb Blood Flow Metab.
2005;
26
576-582
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 26
Seidel G, Cangür H, Meyer-Wiethe K. et al .
Sonographische Darstellung der Hirnperfusion zur Prädiktion des Hirninfarktes bei
Patienten mit akutem Schlaganfall.
Akt Neurologie.
2005;
32
S275
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 27 Becker G, Woydt M, Mäurer M. et al .Intracranial tumours. Bogdahn U, Becker G, Schlachetzki F Echoenhancers and transcranial colour duplex sonography Berlin - Vienna; Blackwell Science Ltd 1998: 332-341
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 28
Meves S H, Wilkening W, Thies T. et al .
Comparison between echo contrast agent-specific imaging modes and perfusion-weighted
magnetic resonance imaging for the assessment of brain perfusion.
Stroke.
2002;
33
2433-2437
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 29
Eyding J, Wilkening W, Reckhardt M. et al .
Contrast burst depletion imaging (CODIM): a new imaging procedure and analysis method
for semiquantitative ultrasonic perfusion imaging.
Stroke.
2003;
34
77-83
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 30
Harrer J U, Klötzsch C, Stracke C P. et al .
Cerebral perfusion sonography in comparison with perfusion MRT: a study with healthy
volunteers.
Ultraschall in Med.
2004;
25
263-269
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 31
Aronen H J, Gazit I E, Louis D N. et al .
Cerebral blood volume maps of gliomas: comparison with tumor grade and histologic
findings.
Radiology.
1994;
191
41-51
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 32
Lev M H, Hochberg F H.
Perfusion magnetic resonance imaging to assess brain tumour responses to new therapies.
Cancer Control.
1998;
5
115-123
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 33
Seidel G, Cangur H, Meyer-Wiethe K. et al .
On the ability of ultrasound parametric perfusion imaging to predict the area of infarction
in acute ischemic stroke.
Ultraschall in Med.
2006;
27
543-548
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 34
Sobesky J, Zaro Weber O, Lehnhardt F G. et al .
Which time-to-peak threshold best identifies penumbral flow? A comparison of perfusion-weighted
magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography in acute ischemic stroke.
Stroke.
2004;
35
2843-2847
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
Judith U. Harrer
Neurology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital
Pauwelsstr 30
52080 Aachen
Phone: ++ 49/2 41/8 00
Fax: ++ 49/2 41/8 08 24 44
Email: judith.harrer@web.de