Zusammenfassung
Während das EEG in vielen Bereichen der Neurologie in seiner Wertigkeit durch die
Forschritte der modernen bildgebenden Verfahren abgelöst worden ist, hat es in seiner
Erfassung epileptischer Aktivität klinisch an Bedeutung nicht eingebüßt. Als Verfahren
zur zeitlich hochaufgelösten Erfassung insbesondere der charakteristischen pathologischen
Synchronisationsphänomene bei Epilepsien bleibt es unersetzbar. Digitale Registrier-
und Auswertemöglichkeiten haben die Präzision der EEG-Befundung relevant verbessert
und tragen zu einer Verbesserung von Sensitivität und Spezifität des Nachweises epilepsietypischer
Potentiale bei. Diagnosestellung, syndromatische Klassifikation der Epilepsien, Therapiemonitoring
und Fokuslokalisation bleiben klinisch relevante Anwendungen. Für eine korrekte Interpretation
ist die Kenntnis der Grenzen der EEG-Interpretation hinsichtlich Sensitivität und
Spezifität epilepsietypischer Potentiale, der räumlichen Auflösung des EEG, der syndromatischen
Spezifität von EEG-Mustern und der individuellen prognostischen Wertigkeit in Abhängigkeit
von Syndrom und Behandlungssituation von Bedeutung. In der vorliegenden Übersicht
werden diese Aspekte unter dem Gesichtspunkt einer von der Behand-lungssituation abhängigen
gezielten Diagnostik dargestellt.
Abstract
In spite of its former widespread use in neurology, EEG has lost much of its value
due to the progress in imaging methods. For recording epileptic activity, however,
EEG has not lost its clinical relevance because it is able to capture the characteristic
pathological synchronization phenomena underlying epileptic activity. Digital methods
of registration and evaluation have improved the precision of EEG interpretations
and led to improved sensitivity and specificity in the identification of epileptiform
activity. EEG remains indispensable for diagnosis, syndromatic classification, monitoring
of therapy and localization of foci. In order to interpret EEG properly, however,
a good knowledge regarding the limits of EEG interpretation is of critical importance;
this refers especially to the sensitivity and specificity of epileptiform patterns,
the spatial resolution of surface EEG, syndromatic specificity, and individual prognostic
value depending on the epilepsy syndrome and the treatment setting. This review describes
these aspects while aiming at a targeted and valid clinical use of EEG diagnostics.
Schlüsselwörter
EEG - Epilepsie - Diagnosestellung - Therapiemonitoring - Fokuslokalisation
Key words
EEG - epilepsy - diagnostic procedure - therapeutic monitoring - focus localization
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Korrespondenzadresse
Prof. Dr. med. A. Schulze-Bonhage
Epileptologie · Neurozentrum, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg
Breisacher Str. 64
79106 Freiburg
Email: andreas.schulze-bonhage@uniklinik-freiburg.de
URL: http://www.epi-freiburg.de