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DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-986451
© Sonntag Verlag in MVS Medizinverlage Stuttgart GmbH & Co. KG
Antidepressiva bei Kindern und Jugendlichen - welchen Stellenwert hat Johanniskraut?
Publication History
Publication Date:
18 June 2008 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Die Analysen klinischer Studien mit klassischen Antidepressiva (Tri- und Tetrazyklika) bei Kindern und Jugendlichen ergaben einen ernüchternd geringen Nutzen, aber erhebliche Nebenwirkungen. Neuere Antidepressiva wie Selektive Serotonin-Wiederaufnahme-Hemmer schienen einen Ausweg zu bieten, bis man in klinischen Studien ein erhöhtes Risiko für Suizidversuche, feindseliges Verhalten und Selbstverletzungen entdeckte. In Metaanalysen erwiesen sich zudem die meisten Substanzen als nur marginal wirksam. Kein Antidepressivum wird heute weltweit als Goldstandard für die Therapie juveniler Depressionen angesehen. In Deutschland wurden und werden Johanniskrautpräparate bei jugendlicher Depression häufiger verschrieben als jedes andere Antidepressivum. Bisher liegen zwar einige vielversprechende Pilotstudien aus Deutschland, Kanada und den USA vor, kontrollierte klinische Studien bei Kindern und Jugendlichen fehlen jedoch noch und sind überfällig.
Summary
Antidepressants for juveniles: What about St. John’s Wort?
Analyses of juvenile depression studies with long-established antidepressants (tricyclic ADs, TCA) have revealed discouragingly little benefit, while side effects have been profound. Modern ADs like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) seemed to solve part of this problem until they were found to be associated with an increased risk of suicidal attempts, hostile behaviour and self-harm, while meta-analyses have revealed only marginal therapeutic effects for the majority. Indeed, no drug is unequivocally accepted as the gold-standard for young depressive patients. Today, St. John’s Wort is by far the most frequently prescribed medication for child and adolescent depression in Germany. Some pilot and observational studies from Germany, Canada and the US have delivered promising results. However, randomised controlled trials for this age group have yet to be carried out and are long overdue.
Schlüsselwörter
Kinder - Antidepressiva - Johanniskraut - Hypericum perforatum - Wirksamkeit - Sicherheit
Key words
Children - depression - St. John’s Wort - Hypericum perforatum - efficacy - safety
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Dr. Günter Seelinger
Bertramstraße 109
13467 Berlin
Email: dr.g.seelinger@arcor.de
Dr. Marcus Mannel
Klinik für Allgemeinmedizin, Naturheilkunde und Psychosomatik
Campus Benjamin Franklin
Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Hindenburgdamm 30
12200 Berlin
Email: marcus.mannel@charite.de