Beobachtung: Die Erbsünde der psychiatrischen Pflege?[1]

Risikoassessment und Risikomanagement sind zu einem Brennpunkt der zeitgenössischen psychiatrischen Versorgungspraxis geworden. Durch ihre Nähe zum Nutzer stellen Pflegende meist die Frontlinie des Risikomanagements dar, was sich im Krankenhaus in der Regel in Form von bürokratischen Verfahren der „Beobachtung” des Patienten zeigt. Die verfügbaren Fakten lassen diese Handlungsweise jedoch in einem kritischen Licht erscheinen. Insbesondere Forscher aus der Nutzerperspektive haben wiederholt Handlungsalternativen eingefordert. In dieser Veröffentlichung wird den historischen und interprofessionellen Dimensionen der Beobachtung nachgegangen. Sie werden in Beziehung gesetzt zur den Anstrengungen der psychiatrischen Pflege, zumindest in Großbritannien, professionelle Autonomie zu erlangen. Die heutige psychiatrische Pflege ist in einer anachronistischen Falle mit der psychiatrischen Medizin gefangen. Wenn die Pflege gedeihen soll, muss sie die komplexen Probleme dieser interprofessionellen Beziehung angehen. Die Autoren beschreiben die Entwicklung des Konzepts des „Brückenschlagens” - einer grundlegenden Alternative zur „Beobachtung”. Es stellt eine Möglichkeit des Umgangs mit „Risiko” oder Gefahr dar und gleichzeitig eine Option, wie Pflegende die interpersonale Beziehung zu gefährdeten Personen entwickeln können. Dadurch wird die Stärke der „Fürsorge (Care)” unter Beweis gestellt.

1 Der Artikel ist zuerst erschienen im Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 2005; 12: 541 - 549. Der Abdruck erfolgt mit freundlicher Genehmigung des Verlages Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Übersetzung aus dem Englischen: Thomas Fischer.

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1 Der Artikel ist zuerst erschienen im Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 2005; 12: 541 - 549. Der Abdruck erfolgt mit freundlicher Genehmigung des Verlages Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Übersetzung aus dem Englischen: Thomas Fischer.