How useful is determination of anti-factor Xa activity to guide bridging therapy with enoxaparin?

Christoph Hammerstingl; Heyder Omran; Christian Tripp; Bernd Poetzsch

doi:10.1160/TH08-05-0280

Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Table of Contents

Thromb Haemost 2009; 101(02): 325-332
DOI: 10.1160/TH08-05-0280

Blood Coagulation, Fibrinolysis and Cellular Haemostasis

Schattauer GmbH

How useful is determination of anti-factor Xa activity to guide bridging therapy with enoxaparin?

A pilot study

Authors

Christoph Hammerstingl

¹St. Marien Hospital, Bonn, Germany
Heyder Omran

¹St. Marien Hospital, Bonn, Germany
Christian Tripp

¹St. Marien Hospital, Bonn, Germany
Bernd Poetzsch

²University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany

Abstract

Summary

Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH) are commonly used as peri-procedural bridging anticoagulants. The usefulness of measurement of anti-factor Xa activity (anti-Xa) to guide bridging therapy with LMWH is unknown. It was the objective of this study to determine levels of anti-Xa during standard bridging therapy with enoxaparin, and to examine predictors for residual anti-Xa. Consecutive patients receiving enoxaparin at a dosage of 1 mg/kg body weight/12 hours for temporary interruption of phenprocoumon were prospectively enrolled to the study. Blood-samples were obtained 14 hours after LMWH-application immediately pre- procedurally. Procedural details, clinical and demographic data were collected and subsequently analyzed. Seventy patients were included (age 75.2 ± 10.8 years, Cr Cl 55.7 ± 21.7ml/min, body mass index [BMI] 27.1 ± 4.9). LMWH- therapy was for a mean of 4.2 ± 1.6 days; overall anti-Xa was 0.58 ± 0.32 U/ml. In 37 (52.8%) of patients anti-Xa was ≥0.5 U/ml, including 10 (14.3%) patients with anti-Xa > 1U/ml. Linear regression analysis of single variables and logistic multivariable regression analysis failed to prove a correlation between anti-Xa and single or combined factors. No major bleeding, no thromboembolism and four (5.7%) minor haemorrhages were observed. When bridging OAC with therapeutic doses of enoxaparin a high percentage of patients undergo interventions with high residual anti-Xa. The levels of anti-Xa vary largely and are independent of single or combined clinical variables. Since the anti-Xa-related outcome of patients receiving bridging therapy with LMWH is not investigated, no firm recommendation on the usefulness of monitoring of anti-Xa can be given at this stage.

Keywords

Oral anticoagulation - bridging therapy - low-molecular-weight heparin - anti- factor Xa activity

Full Text

References

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