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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2015; 09(02): 165-170
DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.156789
Original Article
Dental Investigation Society

Tooth discoloration induced by calcium-silicate-based pulp-capping materials

Da-A Yun
1   Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
,
Su-Jung Park
1   Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
,
Seok-Ryun Lee
1   Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
,
Kyung-San Min
2   Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
3   Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Correspondence:

Dr. Kyung-San Min

Publication History

Publication Date:
04 September 2019 (online)

 
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ABSTRACT

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate tooth discoloration induced by contact with various calcium silicate-based pulp capping materials in the presence or absence of blood in vitro. Materials and Methods: Eighty bovine samples were divided into six experimental groups and two control groups according to the type of material used (ProRoot [PR], Endocem [EC], or EndocemZr [ECZ]) and the presence or absence of contamination with blood. A spectrophotometer was used to calculate the color difference (ΔE) between the baseline measurement (after placement of materials) and measurements taken 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks. The results were analyzed with repeated measures analysis of variance, Tukey's post-hoc tests and independent t-tests (P = 0.05). Results: The PR group and EC group showed significantly higher mean values of ΔE than the negative control group after 2 weeks (P < 0.05), whereas ECZ did not. There were larger ΔE values when there was contact with blood, especially in PR and EC group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: ECZ which contains zirconium oxide as a radiopacifier showed less discoloration irrespective of blood contamination compared to PR and EC.


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Key words:

Calcium silicate - pulp capping - radiopacifier - tooth discoloration - zirconium

 


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Conflict of Interest

None declared

  • REFERENCES

  • 1 Iwamoto CE, Adachi E, Pameijer CH, Barnes D, Romberg EE, Jefferies S. Clinical and histological evaluation of white ProRoot MTA in direct pulp capping. Am J Dent 2006; 19: 85-90
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Hilton TJ. Keys to clinical success with pulp capping: A review of the literature. Oper Dent 2009; 34: 615-25
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Parirokh M, Asgary S, Eghbal MJ, Stowe S, Eslami B, Eskandarizade A. et al. A comparative study of white and grey mineral trioxide aggregate as pulp capping agents in dog's teeth. Dent Traumatol 2005; 21: 150-4
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Naik S, Hegde AH. Mineral trioxide aggregate as a pulpotomy agent in primary molars: An in vivo study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2005; 23: 13-6
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Maroto M, Barbería E, Planells P, García GodoyF. Dentin bridge formation after mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) pulpotomies in primary teeth. Am J Dent 2005; 18: 151-4
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Bortoluzzi EA, Araújo GS, Guerreiro TanomaruJM, Tanomaru-Filho M. Marginal gingiva discoloration by gray MTA: A case report. J Endod 2007; 33: 325-7
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Camilleri J, Montesin FE, Brady K, Sweeney R, Curtis RV, Ford TR. The constitution of mineral trioxide aggregate. Dent Mater 2005; 21: 297-303
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Torabinejad M, Hong CU, McDonald F, Pitt FordTR. Physical and chemical properties of a new root-end filling material. J Endod 1995; 21: 349-53
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Asgary S, Parirokh M, Eghbal MJ, Brink F. Chemical differences between white and gray mineral trioxide aggregate. J Endod 2005; 31: 101-3
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Watts JD, Holt DM, Beeson TJ, Kirkpatrick TC, Rutledge RE. Effects of pH and mixing agents on the temporal setting of tooth-colored and gray mineral trioxide aggregate. J Endod 2007; 33: 970-3
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Boutsioukis C, Noula G, Lambrianidis T. Ex vivo study of the efficiency of two techniques for the removal of mineral trioxide aggregate used as a root canal filling material. J Endod 2008; 34: 1239-42
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Jacobovitz M, de Lima RK. Treatment of inflammatory internal root resorption with mineral trioxide aggregate: A case report. Int Endod J 2008; 41: 905-12
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Belobrov I, Parashos P. Treatment of tooth discoloration after the use of white mineral trioxide aggregate. J Endod 2011; 37: 1017-20
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Jang GY, Park SJ, Heo SM, Yu MK, Lee KW, Min KS. Washout resistance of fast-setting pozzolan cement under various root canal irrigants. Restor Dent Endod 2013; 38: 248-52
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Choi Y, Park SJ, Lee SH, Hwang YC, Yu MK, Min KS. Biological effects and washout resistance of a newly developed fast-setting pozzolan cement. J Endod 2013; 39: 467-72
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Park SJ, Heo SM, Hong SO, Hwang YC, Lee KW, Min KS. Odontogenic effect of a fast-setting pozzolan-based pulp capping material. J Endod 2014; 40: 1124-31
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Vallés M, Mercadé M, Duran-Sindreu F, Bourdelande JL, Roig M. Influence of light and oxygen on the color stability of five calcium silicate-based materials. J Endod 2013; 39: 525-8
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Vallés M, Mercadé M, Duran-Sindreu F, Bourdelande JL, Roig M. Color stability of white mineral trioxide aggregate. Clin Oral Investig 2013; 17: 1155-9
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Marciano MA, Costa RM, Camilleri J, Mondelli RF, Guimarães BM, Duarte MA. Assessment of color stability of white mineral trioxide aggregate angelus and bismuth oxide in contact with tooth structure. J Endod 2014; 40: 1235-40
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Bortoluzzi EA, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Tanomaru-Filho M, Duarte MA. Radiographic effect of different radiopacifiers on a potential retrograde filling material. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009; 108: 628-32
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Camilleri J, Cutajar A, Mallia B. Hydration characteristics of zirconium oxide replaced Portland cement for use as a root-end filling material. Dent Mater 2011; 27: 845-54
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Weckwerth PH, Machado AC, Kuga MC, Vivan RR, Polleto RdaS, Duarte MA. Influence of radiopacifying agents on the solubility, pH and antimicrobial activity of portland cement. Braz Dent J 2012; 23: 515-20
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Cutajar A, Mallia B, Abela S, Camilleri J. Replacement of radiopacifier in mineral trioxide aggregate; characterization and determination of physical properties. Dent Mater 2011; 27: 879-91
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Freccia WF, Peters DD. A technique for staining extracted teeth: A research and teaching aid for bleaching. J Endod 1982; 8: 67-9
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Marin PD, Bartold PM, Heithersay GS. Tooth discoloration by blood: An in vitro histochemical study. Endod Dent Traumatol 1997; 13: 132-8
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Felman D, Parashos P. Coronal tooth discoloration and white mineral trioxide aggregate. J Endod 2013; 39: 484-7
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Lenherr P, Allgayer N, Weiger R, Filippi A, Attin T, Krastl G. Tooth discoloration induced by endodontic materials: A laboratory study. Int Endod J 2012; 45: 942-9
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Inokoshi S, Burrow MF, Kataumi M, Yamada T, Takatsu T. Opacity and color changes of tooth-colored restorative materials. Oper Dent 1996; 21: 73-80
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Karabucak B, Li D, Lim J, Iqbal M. Vital pulp therapy with mineral trioxide aggregate. Dent Traumatol 2005; 21: 240-3
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Camilleri J. Color stability of white mineral trioxide aggregate in contact with hypochlorite solution. J Endod 2014; 40: 436-40
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Jang JH, Kang M, Ahn S, Kim S, Kim W, Kim Y. et al. Tooth discoloration after the use of new pozzolan cement (Endocem) and mineral trioxide aggregate and the effects of internal bleaching. J Endod 2013; 39: 1598-602
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Schilke R, Lisson JA, Bauss O, Geurtsen W. Comparison of the number and diameter of dentinal tubules in human and bovine dentine by scanning electron microscopic investigation. Arch Oral Biol 2000; 45: 355-61
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar

Correspondence:

Dr. Kyung-San Min

  • REFERENCES

  • 1 Iwamoto CE, Adachi E, Pameijer CH, Barnes D, Romberg EE, Jefferies S. Clinical and histological evaluation of white ProRoot MTA in direct pulp capping. Am J Dent 2006; 19: 85-90
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Hilton TJ. Keys to clinical success with pulp capping: A review of the literature. Oper Dent 2009; 34: 615-25
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Parirokh M, Asgary S, Eghbal MJ, Stowe S, Eslami B, Eskandarizade A. et al. A comparative study of white and grey mineral trioxide aggregate as pulp capping agents in dog's teeth. Dent Traumatol 2005; 21: 150-4
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Naik S, Hegde AH. Mineral trioxide aggregate as a pulpotomy agent in primary molars: An in vivo study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2005; 23: 13-6
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Maroto M, Barbería E, Planells P, García GodoyF. Dentin bridge formation after mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) pulpotomies in primary teeth. Am J Dent 2005; 18: 151-4
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Bortoluzzi EA, Araújo GS, Guerreiro TanomaruJM, Tanomaru-Filho M. Marginal gingiva discoloration by gray MTA: A case report. J Endod 2007; 33: 325-7
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Camilleri J, Montesin FE, Brady K, Sweeney R, Curtis RV, Ford TR. The constitution of mineral trioxide aggregate. Dent Mater 2005; 21: 297-303
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Torabinejad M, Hong CU, McDonald F, Pitt FordTR. Physical and chemical properties of a new root-end filling material. J Endod 1995; 21: 349-53
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Asgary S, Parirokh M, Eghbal MJ, Brink F. Chemical differences between white and gray mineral trioxide aggregate. J Endod 2005; 31: 101-3
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Watts JD, Holt DM, Beeson TJ, Kirkpatrick TC, Rutledge RE. Effects of pH and mixing agents on the temporal setting of tooth-colored and gray mineral trioxide aggregate. J Endod 2007; 33: 970-3
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Boutsioukis C, Noula G, Lambrianidis T. Ex vivo study of the efficiency of two techniques for the removal of mineral trioxide aggregate used as a root canal filling material. J Endod 2008; 34: 1239-42
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Jacobovitz M, de Lima RK. Treatment of inflammatory internal root resorption with mineral trioxide aggregate: A case report. Int Endod J 2008; 41: 905-12
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Belobrov I, Parashos P. Treatment of tooth discoloration after the use of white mineral trioxide aggregate. J Endod 2011; 37: 1017-20
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Jang GY, Park SJ, Heo SM, Yu MK, Lee KW, Min KS. Washout resistance of fast-setting pozzolan cement under various root canal irrigants. Restor Dent Endod 2013; 38: 248-52
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Choi Y, Park SJ, Lee SH, Hwang YC, Yu MK, Min KS. Biological effects and washout resistance of a newly developed fast-setting pozzolan cement. J Endod 2013; 39: 467-72
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Park SJ, Heo SM, Hong SO, Hwang YC, Lee KW, Min KS. Odontogenic effect of a fast-setting pozzolan-based pulp capping material. J Endod 2014; 40: 1124-31
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Vallés M, Mercadé M, Duran-Sindreu F, Bourdelande JL, Roig M. Influence of light and oxygen on the color stability of five calcium silicate-based materials. J Endod 2013; 39: 525-8
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Vallés M, Mercadé M, Duran-Sindreu F, Bourdelande JL, Roig M. Color stability of white mineral trioxide aggregate. Clin Oral Investig 2013; 17: 1155-9
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Marciano MA, Costa RM, Camilleri J, Mondelli RF, Guimarães BM, Duarte MA. Assessment of color stability of white mineral trioxide aggregate angelus and bismuth oxide in contact with tooth structure. J Endod 2014; 40: 1235-40
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Bortoluzzi EA, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Tanomaru-Filho M, Duarte MA. Radiographic effect of different radiopacifiers on a potential retrograde filling material. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009; 108: 628-32
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Camilleri J, Cutajar A, Mallia B. Hydration characteristics of zirconium oxide replaced Portland cement for use as a root-end filling material. Dent Mater 2011; 27: 845-54
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Weckwerth PH, Machado AC, Kuga MC, Vivan RR, Polleto RdaS, Duarte MA. Influence of radiopacifying agents on the solubility, pH and antimicrobial activity of portland cement. Braz Dent J 2012; 23: 515-20
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Cutajar A, Mallia B, Abela S, Camilleri J. Replacement of radiopacifier in mineral trioxide aggregate; characterization and determination of physical properties. Dent Mater 2011; 27: 879-91
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Freccia WF, Peters DD. A technique for staining extracted teeth: A research and teaching aid for bleaching. J Endod 1982; 8: 67-9
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Marin PD, Bartold PM, Heithersay GS. Tooth discoloration by blood: An in vitro histochemical study. Endod Dent Traumatol 1997; 13: 132-8
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Felman D, Parashos P. Coronal tooth discoloration and white mineral trioxide aggregate. J Endod 2013; 39: 484-7
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Lenherr P, Allgayer N, Weiger R, Filippi A, Attin T, Krastl G. Tooth discoloration induced by endodontic materials: A laboratory study. Int Endod J 2012; 45: 942-9
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Inokoshi S, Burrow MF, Kataumi M, Yamada T, Takatsu T. Opacity and color changes of tooth-colored restorative materials. Oper Dent 1996; 21: 73-80
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Karabucak B, Li D, Lim J, Iqbal M. Vital pulp therapy with mineral trioxide aggregate. Dent Traumatol 2005; 21: 240-3
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Camilleri J. Color stability of white mineral trioxide aggregate in contact with hypochlorite solution. J Endod 2014; 40: 436-40
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Jang JH, Kang M, Ahn S, Kim S, Kim W, Kim Y. et al. Tooth discoloration after the use of new pozzolan cement (Endocem) and mineral trioxide aggregate and the effects of internal bleaching. J Endod 2013; 39: 1598-602
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Schilke R, Lisson JA, Bauss O, Geurtsen W. Comparison of the number and diameter of dentinal tubules in human and bovine dentine by scanning electron microscopic investigation. Arch Oral Biol 2000; 45: 355-61
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar

   Permissions and Reprints