DOI:
        10.1055/s-00000017
      
      
        Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes
      
      
        
          
            Issue 02 ·
           Volume 132 ·
           February 2024
            
          
           DOI: 10.1055/s-014-59092 
          
          
          
  
    
      
    
  
  
        
        
  
  
    
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
        
          
            
              
              
              
                
                  
                    
                    
                      
                          
                          
                            
                            Erratum
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        e2
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Skurk, Thomas; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Grünerbel, Arthur; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Hummel, Sandra; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Kabisch, Stefan; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Keuthage, Winfried; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Müssig, Karsten; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Nussbaumer, Helmut; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Rubin, Diana; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Simon, Marie-Christine; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Tombek, Astrid; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Weber, Katharina S.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
                  for the Nutrition Committee of the DDG: 
                
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                            
                            German Diabetes Associaton: Clinical Practice Guidelines
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        57
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Parhofer, Klaus G.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Birkenfeld, Andreas L.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Krone, Wilhelm; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Lehrke, Michael; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Marx, Nikolaus; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Merkel, Martin; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Schütt, Katharina S.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Zirlik, Andreas; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Müller-Wieland, Dirk: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                            
                            German Diabetes Association: Clinical Practice Guidelines
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        64
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Schütt, Katharina; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Forst, Thomas; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Birkenfeld, Andreas L.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Zirlik, Andreas; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Müller-Wieland, Dirk; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Marx, Nikolaus: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        68
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Skurk, Thomas; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Grünerbel, Arthur; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Hummel, Sandra; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Kabisch, Stefan; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Keuthage, Winfried; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Müssig, Karsten; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Nussbaumer, Helmut; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Rubin, Diana; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Simon, Marie-Christine; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Tombek, Astrid; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Weber, Katharina S.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
                  for the Nutrition Committee of the DDG: 
                
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                            
                            Article
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        83
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Wang, Danning; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Wu, Sumin: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        91
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Rausch, Steffen; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Hammerschmidt, Katharina; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Feger, Martina; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Vítek, Libor; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Föller, Michael: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
        
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        98
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Gu, Danyang; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Xue, Bingyan; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Zhu, Guoqin; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Xu, Yanling; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Yan, Lijun; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Tang, Qiyun; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Lu, Chun: