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Int J Sports Med 2007; 28(5): 374-380
DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-924364
Physiology & Biochemistry

© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Exercise has a Positive Effect on Endothelial Progenitor Cells, which Could be Necessary for Vascular Adaptation Processes

P. Wahl1 , 2 , W. Bloch2 , A. Schmidt2
  • 1Institute of Training Science and Sport Informatics, German Sport University Cologne, Köln, Germany
  • 2Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Köln, Germany
Further Information

Publication History

Accepted after revision: May 20, 2006

Publication Date:
16 November 2006 (online)

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Abstract

Since many years, it was believed that the sole mechanism for postnatal growth of new blood vessels in response to exercise is angiogenesis, occurring through vascular sprouting and intucesseption. Today, accumulating evidence indicates that peripheral blood contains marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells, which have the potential to differentiate into mature endothelial cells and which can contribute to postnatal vessel growth and repair (postnatal vasculogenesis). However, controversy exists with respect to the identification and the origin of endothelial progenitor cells, this review focusses on the different possible sources of endothelial progenitor cells like hematopoietic stem cells, monocytes/macrophages, and mesenchymal stem cells (multipotent adult progenitor cells; MAPCs). In the last years, several groups were able to show the positive effects of exercise on endothelial progenitor cells, which means that vasculogenesis/endothelial progenitor cells might as well contribute to the growth of new blood vessels in adaptation processes. The effect of exercise on endothelial progenitor cells and possible mobilization-factors like hypoxia are discussed.

Key words

Physical training - stem cells - neovascularization

References

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Ph.D Annette Schmidt

Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine
German Sport University Cologne

Carl-Diem-Weg 6

50933 Köln

Germany

Phone: + 49 2 21 49 82 54 40

Fax: + 49 2 21 49 82 83 70

Email: A.Schmidt@dshs-koeln.de

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