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Synthesis 2023; 55(21): 3502-3514
DOI: 10.1055/a-1981-3213
DOI: 10.1055/a-1981-3213
special topic
C–H Bond Functionalization of Heterocycles
Scope and Limitations of the Palladium-Catalyzed Direct 1,2-Diheteroarylation of 1,2-Dihalobenzene Derivatives
We thank the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and the Université de Rennes 1 for financial support, and the China Scholarship Council (CSC) for a fellowship to L.L.
Abstract
The reactivity of 1,2-dihalobenzenes in palladium-catalyzed C–H bond functionalization is more difficult to control than that of 1,3- and 1,4-dihalobenzenes because of a possible Pd 1,4-migration during the second catalytic cycle. With C3-substituted heteroarenes this 1,4-palladium migration is not possible and the reaction allows the synthesis of a wide variety of functionalized 1,2-heteroarylated benzene derivatives in high yields. Conversely, only a few heteroarenes with a free C3 position, such as thiazoles, furans and imidazoles, allow the preparation of 1,2-heteroarylated benzenes. Despite these limitations, this one-pot procedure employing an easily available catalyst [Pd(OAc)2] and an inexpensive base (KOAc) provides a very simple method for the preparation of several 1,2-heteroarylated benzenes.
Key words
C–H functionalization - 1,2-dihalobenzenes - heteroarenes - homogeneous catalysis - palladiumSupporting Information
- Supporting information for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1981-3213.
- Supporting Information
Publication History
Received: 08 September 2022
Accepted after revision: 17 November 2022
Accepted Manuscript online:
17 November 2022
Article published online:
08 December 2022
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