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Semin Plast Surg 2012; 26(02): 091-104
DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1320067
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Craniofacial Microsomia

Craig B. Birgfeld
1   Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington
,
Carrie Heike
2   Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History

Publication Date:
12 July 2012 (online)

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Abstract

Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is one of the most common congenital conditions treated in craniofacial centers worldwide. This condition is variably associated with anomalies of the jaws, ears, facial soft tissue, orbits, and facial nerve function and can be associated with extracranial anomalies. The cause of this condition is unknown, though CFM has been associated withprenatalexposures and genetic abnormalities. Diagnosis, treatment, and outcome assessment in CFM is challenging due to the wide phenotypic spectrum observed in this condition. Surgical treatment requires a coordinated team approach involving multiple specialties, which can include plastic surgery, craniofacial surgery, orthognathic surgery, and microsurgery. A wide variety of surgical options exist, and individual treatment plans should be based on the patient's needs. Although CFM can be challenging to treat, successful outcomes are rewarding. We provide a review of the common craniofacial surgical treatments for individuals with CFM.

Keywords

craniofacial microsomia - hemifacial microsomia - Goldenhar syndrome - OMENS - Phenotypic Assessment Tool-Craniofacial Microsomia (PAT-CFM)
 

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