State of the art lecture: Mediastinal EUS

Introduction

Endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration biopsy (EUS-FNA) was originally developed for gastrointestinal diseases [1]. However, it very soon became apparent that a considerable part of the mediastinum can be reached and tissue sampled by this method [2]. Trans-esophageal EUS guided biopsy of lesions in the mediastinum is a minimal invasive diagnostic method which can spare patients from much more aggressive and risky methods. At present both cytology as well as histology can be obtained by EUS guidance which has broadened the range of applications for EUS even further. The main indications of EUS guided biopsy in the mediastinum is at present staging of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), diagnosis of lymph nodes of unknown nature, staging of a wide range of cancers if CT has demonstrated enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes and differentiation between specific cancers or lymphomas for accurate diagnosis (EUS guided histology).

The aim of the following is to present the status of EUS guided biopsy of the mediastinum based on a literature survey.

References

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