Drug Res (Stuttg) 2019; 69(01): 12-22
DOI: 10.1055/a-0635-0638
Original Article
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Antihypertensive Effect of Polyphenol-Rich Fraction of Azadirachta indica on Nω-Nitro-L-Arginine Methyl Ester-Induced Hypertension and Cardiorenal Dysfunction

Temidayo Olutayo Omóbòwálé
1   Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
,
Ademola Adetokunbo Oyagbemi
2   Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
,
Blessing Seun Ogunpolu
1   Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
,
Olufunke Eunice Ola-Davies
2   Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
,
Johnny Olufemi Olukunle
3   Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
,
Ebunoluwa Racheal Asenuga
4   Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
,
Temitayo Olabisi Ajibade
2   Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
,
Olumuyiwa Abiola Adejumobi
1   Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
,
Jeremiah Moyinoluwa Afolabi
1   Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
,
Olufunke Olubunmi Falayi
5   Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
,
Anofi Ashafa
6   Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Qwaqwa Campus, University of the Free State, Phuthaditjaba, South Africa
,
Adeolu Alex Adedapo
4   Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
,
Momoh Audu Yakubu
7   Department of Environmental & Interdisciplinary Sciences, College of Science, Engineering & Technology, Vascular Biology Unit, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, COPHS, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 28 February 2018

accepted 22 May 2018

Publication Date:
19 June 2018 (online)

Abstract

Azadirachta indica (AI) is a medicinal plant with reported antioxidant and cardio-protective properties. The use of plant-based polyphenols has become greatly increased in the last one decade. The present study investigated the protective effect of the polyphenol-rich fraction (PRF) of the methanol-extract of Azadirachta indica against Nω-Nitro-L-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) induced hypertension and cardiorenal dysfunction in rats. Fifty (50) Wistar albino rats were grouped into five groups. Group A, the control, was administered potable water. Groups B-E received orally, 40 mg/kg of L-NAME only, 40 mg/kg of L-NAME and 100 mg/kg of AI extract, 40 mg/kg of L-NAME and 200 mg/kg of AI extract, and 40 mg/kg of L-NAME and 25 mg/kg of captopril, respectively for 21 days. The results of the present study revealed that L-NAME administration led to a significant increase in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial blood pressure. Markers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde,protein carbonyl) increased significantly while there was reduction in reduced glutathione level, activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase as well nitric oxide bioavailability. Immunohistochemistry revealed higher expressions of nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-kB) and kidney injury molecule 1(Kim-1) and lower expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) in hypertensive rats. Our results indicated that with PRF of AI restored high blood pressure, reduced markers of oxidative stress, normalized serum NO bioavailability and increased the expressions of Nrf2. Hence, PRF of Azadirachta indica could be used for the treatment of hypertension.

 
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