Die Effekte von verschiedenen körperlichen Belastungsmodalitäten auf die kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit bei Parkinson

Zusammenfassung

Neben den motorischen Symptomen wie Rigor, Tremor, Bradykinese und posturale Instabilität führt Morbus Parkinson oftmals auch zu einer Beeinträchtigung der kognitiven Leistungsfähigkeit. Um dem kognitiven Abbau vorzubeugen, gewinnen Sport und Bewegung an Bedeutung. Allerdings sind ihre Effekte auf die Kognition bei Morbus Parkinson noch wenig erforscht. In diesem Beitrag wird eine Übersichtsarbeit vorgestellt, die die bisher durchgeführten wissenschaftlichen Studien zusammengefasst und analysiert. Das Potenzial von gezieltem Sporttraining, einem kognitiven Abbau vorzubeugen, wird in diesen Studien deutlich. Allerdings kann keine eindeutige Empfehlung ausgesprochen werden, welche Form von Sporttraining am besten geeignet erscheint, um die kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit bei Parkinson aufrecht zu erhalten. Hierfür bedarf es weiterer wissenschaftlicher Studien, aus denen klare Empfehlungen zur Trainingsgestaltung abgeleitet werden können.

Summary

In addition to motor symptoms such as rigidity, tremor, bradykinesia and postural instability, Parkinson’s disease often also leads to impaired cognitive performance. Therefore sports and exercise play an increasingly important role to prevent cognitive decline. However, the effect of sports and exercise on cognition in Parkinson’s disease has not yet been fully researched. This article presents an overview that summarizes and analyzes the current state of scientific studies. The studies show the potential of targeted sports training to prevent cognitive decline. It is, however, not possible to offer clear recommendations on the form of sports training that is most suitable for maintaining cognitive performance in Parkinson’s disease. It is therefore necessary to carry out further scientific studies in order to derive clear recommendations for training design.

Stichworte

Parkinson - kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit - Sport - Training - nicht-motorische Symptome.

Key words

Parkinson’s disease - cognitive performance - sports - training - non-motor symptoms.

Publication History

Received: 17 December 2019

Accepted: 16 January 2020

Article published online:
14 April 2020

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