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Zeitschrift für Komplementärmedizin 2020; 12(03): 32-37
DOI: 10.1055/a-1173-4194
Praxis
Hypersensitivität
© Karl F. Haug Verlag in MVS Medizinverlage Stuttgart GmbH & Co. KG

Der sensibilisierte Patient in der Schmerztherapie

Petra Bäumler∗
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Publication History

Publication Date:
26 June 2020 (online)

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Summary

Eine Gruppe von Patienten mit chronischen schmerzhaften Erkrankungen zeigen besonders viele unterschiedliche Symptome und ausgeprägte sensorische Sensibilisierungzeichen. Dieses Phänomen wird auch als Hypersensitivitätssyndrom beschrieben.

Aus neurophysiologischer lässt sich dies durch komplexe Sensibilisierungsmechanismen auf Ebene des Rückenmarks und des Gehrins erklären. Gleichsam entscheidend ist die seelische Sensibilisierung – psychische Erkrankungen und negative Affekte, wie eine katastrophisierende Haltung, Ängste und eine depressive Stimmungslage.

Intensive Forschungsarbeit hat gezeigt, dass neurophysiologische und psychologische Faktoren eng verwoben und nicht nur Folgen sondern auch Risikofaktoren für chronische schmerzhafte Erkrankungen sind.

In der Therapie sensibilisierter Patienten haben sich Verfahren bewährt, die den zugrunde liegenden neurophysiologischen Veränderungen entgegenwirken und sich gleichzeitig regulierend auf dysfunktionale Kognitionen, Emotionen und Verhaltensmuster auswirken. Dabei kommt der Komplementärmedizin eine große Bedeutung zu.

Keywords

Schmerztherapie - Sensibilisierung - Hypersensitivität - chronische Schmerzen - Neurophysiologie
 

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