Wearables bei Epilepsien

Zusammenfassung

Epileptische Anfälle führen zu verschiedensten körperlichen Symptomen, die je nach Art und Ausprägung mit geeigneten Geräten gemessen werden und als Surrogatmarker epileptischer Anfälle dienen können. Dominierende motorische Symptome können mit Beschleunigungssensoren oder elektromyografisch erfasst werden. Bei fokalen Anfällen mit fehlender oder geringer motorischer Beteiligung können autonome Phänomene wie Änderungen der Herzrate, Atmung und des elektrischen Hautwiderstandes per Elektrokardiografie, Photopletysmografie und Hautsensoren gemessen werden. Die in den heutigen Wearables integrierten Sensoren können diese Körpersignale messen und zur automatisierten Anfallserkennung nutzbar machen. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden verschiedene Sensortechnologien, Wearables und deren Anwendung zur automatisierten Erkennung epileptischer Anfälle vorgestellt, Gütekriterien zur Einschätzung mobiler Gesundheitstechnologien diskutiert und klinisch geprüfte Systeme zusammengefasst.

Abstract

Epileptic seizures cause a wide spectrum of physical symptoms, which can be measured by appropriate devices and serve as surrogate markers of epileptic activity. Predominant motor symptoms can be assessed using accelerometry or electromyography sensors. In focal seizures without or with minor motor symptoms only, autonomic phenomena such as alterations of heart rate, breathing and skin conductance can be measured by electrocardiography, photopletysmography or skin electrodes. The sensors commonly integrated in wearables can assess these body signals and contribute to seizure detection. In this review, sensor technologies, wearables and their application in automated seizure detection devices are presented, performance metrics of mobile health technologies are discussed and clinically validated detection systems are summarised.

Schlüsselwörter

Mobile Gesundheitstechnologien - Anfallsdetektion - Wearables - Telemedizin - epileptische Anfälle

Key words

Mobile health technologies - seizure detection - wearables - telemedicine - epileptic seizures

Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
23. Februar 2021

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