Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/a-1378-4209
The Prevention of Positioning Injuries During Gynecologic Surgery. Guideline of the DGGG, OEGGG and SGGG (S2k Level, AWMF Registry Number 015/077, October 2020)
Article in several languages: English | deutschAbstract
Purpose Positioning injuries are relatively common, forensically highly relevant complications of gynecologic surgery. The aim of this official AWMF S2k-guideline is to provide statements and recommendations on how to prevent positioning injuries using the currently available literature. The literature was evaluated by an interdisciplinary group of experts from professional medical societies. The consensus on recommendations and statements was achieved in a structured consensus process.
Method The current guideline is based on the expired S1-guideline, which was updated by a systematic search of the literature and a review of relevant publications issued between February 2014 and March 2019. Statements were compiled and voted on by a panel of experts.
Recommendations The guideline provides general and specific recommendations on the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of positioning injuries.
Publication History
Received: 26 January 2021
Received: 02 December 2020
Accepted: 29 January 2021
Article published online:
14 April 2021
© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.
Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany
-
References
- 1 Bommert M, Wagner JK, Sehouli J. et al. Perioperative management of positioning in gynecological cancersurgery: a national NOGGO-AGO intergroup survey. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2020; 30: 1589-1594
- 2 Warner MA. Perioperative neuropathies. Mayo Clin Proc 1998; 73: 567-574
- 3 Loorham-Battersby C. Heel Damage And Epidural Analgesia. Are the two linked?. Saarbrücken: LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing; 2012
- 4 Peterson T, Wissing H. Lagerungsschäden beim Patienten mit unbekanntem „thoracic outlet syndrome“. Anästhesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 1995; 30: 516-518
- 5 Stevens J, Nichelson E, Linehan WM. et al. Risk factors for skin breakdown after renal and adrenal surgery. Urology 2004; 64: 246-249
- 6 Bauer ECA, Koch N, Janni W. et al. Compartment syndrome after gynecologic operations: evidence from case reports and reviews. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2014; 173: 7-12
- 7 Warner MA, Warner DO, Harper CM. et al. Lower extremity neuropathies associated with lithotomy positions. Anesthesiology 2000; 93: 938-942
- 8 Vereinbarung über die Zusammenarbeit in der operativen Gynäkologie und in der Geburtshilfe der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin und des Berufsverbands Deutscher Anästhesisten mit der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe und dem Berufsverband der Frauenärzte. 1996 Accessed March 30, 2020 at: https://www.bda.de/docman/alle-dokumente-fuer-suchindex/oeffentlich/empfehlungen/536-eev-2011-s-19-24/file.html
- 9 Weissauer W. Abgrenzung der Verantwortung für die operative Lagerung des Patienten und Haftung für Lagerungsschäden. Unfallchirurg 2002; 105: 404-412
- 10 Association of Perioperative Registered Nurses. Recommended practices for positioning the patient in the perioperative practice setting. AORN J 2001; 73: 231-235 237–238. Erratum in: AORN J 2001; 74: 201 Erratum in: AORN J 2001; 74: 201
- 11 Practice advisory for the prevention of perioperative peripheral neuropathies: a report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Prevention of Perioperative Peripheral Neuropathies. Anesthesiology 2000; 92: 1168-1182
- 12 (AST) Association of surgical technologists (AST). AST recommended Standards of Practice for Surgical Positioning, 2011. Accessed March 27, 2020 at: https://www.ast.org/uploadedFiles/Main_Site/Content/About_Us/Standard Surgical Positioning.pdf
- 13 Cluver C, Novikova N, Hofmeyr GJ. et al. Maternal position during caesarean section for preventing maternal and neonatal complications. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013; (03) CD007623
- 14 Cohen MM, Duncan PG, Pope WD. et al. A survey of 112,000 anaesthetics at one teaching hospital (1975–83). Can Anaesth Soc J 1986; 33: 22-31
- 15 Winfree CJ, Kline DG. Intraoperative positioning nerve injuries. Surg Neurol 2005; 63: 5-18 discussion 18
- 16 Shveiky D, Aseff JN, Iglesia CB. Brachial plexus injury after laparoscopic and robotic surgery. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2010; 17: 414-420
- 17 Reich H. Laparoscopic treatment of extensive pelvic adhesions, including hydrosalpinx. J Reprod Med 1987; 32: 736-742
- 18 Romanowski L, Reich H, McGlynn F. et al. Brachial plexus neuropathies after advanced laparoscopic surgery. Fertil Steril 1993; 60: 729-732
- 19 Cheney FW, Domino KB, Caplan RA. et al. Nerve injury associated with anesthesia: a closed claims analysis. Anesthesiology 1999; 90: 1062-1069
- 20 Kretschmer T, Heinen CW, Antoniadis G. et al. Iatrogenic nerve injuries. Neurosurg Clin N Am 2009; 20: 73-90 vii
- 21 Bradshaw AD, Advincula AP. Optimizing patient positioning and understanding radiofrequency energy in gynecologic surgery. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2010; 53: 511-520
- 22 Zhang J, Moore AE, Stringer MD. Iatrogenic upper limb nerve injuries: a systematic review. ANZ J Surg 2011; 81: 227-236
- 23 Eteuati J, Hiscock R, Hastie I. et al. Brachial plexopathy in laparoscopic-assisted rectal surgery: a case series. Tech Coloproctol 2013; 17: 293-297
- 24 Advincula AP, Song A. The role of robotic surgery in gynecology. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2007; 19: 331-336
- 25 JACKSON L, KEATS AS. MECHANISM OF BRACHIAL PLEXUS PALSY FOLLOWING ANESTHESIA. Anesthesiology 1965; 26: 190-194
- 26 Britt BA, Gordon RA. PERIPHERAL NERVE INJURIES ASSOCIATED WITH ANAESTHESIA. Can Anaesth Soc J 1964; 11: 514-536
- 27 Cooper DE, Jenkins RS, Bready L. et al. The prevention of injuries of the brachial plexus secondary to malposition of the patient during surgery. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1988; (228) 33-41
- 28 Ben-David B, Stahl S. Prognosis of intraoperative brachial plexus injury: a review of 22 cases. Br J Anaesth 1997; 79: 440-445
- 29 Suozzi BA, Brazell HD, OʼSullivan DM. et al. A comparison of shoulder pressure among different patient stabilization techniques. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2013; 209: 478.e1-478.e5
- 30 Coppieters MW. Shoulder restraints as a potential cause for stretch neuropathies: biomechanical support for the impact of shoulder girdle depression and arm abduction on nerve strain. Anesthesiology 2006; 104: 1351-1352
- 31 Klauschie J, Wechter ME, Jacob K. et al. Use of anti-skid material and patient-positioning to prevent patient shifting during robotic-assisted gynecologic procedures. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2010; 17: 504-507
- 32 Haupt WF. Intraoperative Lagerungsschäden des Nervus ulnaris bei anatomischen Varianten. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1989; 114: 1789-1792
- 33 Warner MA, Warner DO, Matsumoto JY. et al. Ulnar neuropathy in surgical patients. Anesthesiology 1999; 90: 54-59
- 34 Padua L, Aprile I, Caliandro P. et al. Natural history of ulnar entrapment at elbow. Clin Neurophysiol 2002; 113: 1980-1984
- 35 Stoelting RK. Postoperative ulnar nerve palsy–is it a preventable complication?. Anesth Analg 1993; 76: 7-9
- 36 Burkhart FL, Daly JW. Sciatic and peroneal nerve injury: a complication of vaginal operations. Obstet Gynecol 1966; 28: 99-102
- 37 Aschemann D. Hrsg. OP-Lagerungen für Fachpersonal. Heidelberg: Springer; 2009
- 38 Roy S, Levine AB, Herbison GJ. et al. Intraoperative positioning during cesarean as a cause of sciatic neuropathy. Obstet Gynecol 2002; 99: 652-653
- 39 Umo-Etuk J, Yentis SM. Sciatic nerve injury and caesarean section. Anaesthesia 1997; 52: 605-606
- 40 Batres F, Barclay DL. Sciatic nerve injury during gynecologic procedures using the lithotomy position. Obstet Gynecol 1983; 62 (3 Suppl.): 92s-94s
- 41 McQuarrie HG, Harris JW, Ellsworth HS. et al. Sciatic neuropathy complicating vaginal hysterectomy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1972; 113: 223-232
- 42 Cherian RP, Li Y. Clinical and Electrodiagnostic Features Of Nontraumatic Sciatic Neuropathy. Muscle Nerve 2019; 59: 309-314
- 43 Chan JK, Manetta A. Prevention of femoral nerve injuries in gynecologic surgery. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002; 186: 1-7
- 44 Hopper CL, Baker JB. Bilateral femoral neuropathy complicating vaginal hysterectomy. Analysis of contributing factors in 3 patients. Obstet Gynecol 1968; 32: 543-547
- 45 Räber G, Schneider HP. Femoralisparese nach vaginaler Hysterektomie und ihre forensische Bedeutung. Zentralbl Gynakol 1993; 115: 273-278
- 46 al Hakim M, Katirji B. Femoral mononeuropathy induced by the lithotomy position: a report of 5 cases with a review of literature. Muscle Nerve 1993; 16: 891-895
- 47 Roblee MA. Femoral neuropathy from the lithotomy position: case report and new leg holder for prevention. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1967; 97: 871-872
- 48 Sinclair RH, Pratt JH. Femoral neuropathy after pelvic operation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1972; 112: 404-407
- 49 Koç G, Tazeh NN, Joudi FN. et al. Lower extremity neuropathies after robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy on a split-leg table. J Endourol 2012; 26: 1026-1029
- 50 Goldman JA, Feldberg D, Dicker D. et al. Femoral neuropathy subsequent to abdominal hysterectomy. A comparative study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1985; 20: 385-392
- 51 Litwiller JP, Wells RE, Halliwill JR. et al. Effect of lithotomy positions on strain of the obturator and lateral femoral cutaneous nerves. Clin Anat 2004; 17: 45-49
- 52 Lindner A, Schulte-Mattler W, Zierz S. Postpartales Nervus obturatorius-Syndrom: Fallbericht und Ubersicht über die Nervenkompressionssyndrome während Schwangerschaft und Geburt. Zentralbl Gynakol 1997; 119: 93-99
- 53 Fleisch MC. Risiken der Anwendung von Koagulationsgeräten im kleinen Becken. Gynäkologe 2016; 49: 888-890 doi:10.1007/s00129-016-3953-7
- 54 Liu P, He W, Chen H-L. Diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for surgery-related pressure ulcers: a meta-analysis. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs 2012; 39: 495-499
- 55 Connor T, Sledge JA, Bryant-Wiersema L. et al. Identification of pre-operative and intra-operative variables predictive of pressure ulcer development in patients undergoing urologic surgical procedures. Urol Nurs 2010; 30: 289-295 305
- 56 Lindholm C, Sterner E, Romanelli M. et al. Hip fracture and pressure ulcers – the Pan-European Pressure Ulcer Study – intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors. Int Wound J 2008; 5: 315-328
- 57 Edwards JL, Pandit H, Popat MT. Perioperative analgesia: a factor in the development of heel pressure ulcers?. Br J Nurs 2006; 15: S20-S25
- 58 Scott EM, Leaper DJ, Clark M. et al. Effects of warming therapy on pressure ulcers–a randomized trial. AORN J 2001; 73: 921-927 929–933, 936–938
- 59 EPUAP/NPUAP. Prävention und Behandlung von Dekubitus: Kurzfassung der Leitlinie, 2014. Accessed March 27, 2020 at: https://www.epuap.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/german_quick-reference-guide.pdf
- 60 Moore ZE, Patton D. Risk assessment tools for the prevention of pressure ulcers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019; (01) CD006471
- 61 McInnes E. The use of pressure-relieving devices (beds, mattresses and overlays) for the prevention of pressure ulcers in primary and secondary care. J Tissue Viability 2004; 14: 4-6 8, 10 passim
- 62 Deutsches Netzwerk für Qualitätsentwicklung in der Pflege (DNQP). Expertenstandard Dekubitusprophylaxe in der Pflege. 2. Aktualisierung, 2017. Accessed March 22, 2021 at: https://www.dnqp.de/fileadmin/HSOS/Homepages/DNQP/Dateien/Expertenstandards/Dekubitusprophylaxe_in_der_Pflege/Dekubitus_2Akt_Auszug.pdf
- 63 Nicosia G, Gliatta AE, Woodbury MG. et al. The effect of pressure-relieving surfaces on the prevention of heel ulcers in a variety of settings: a meta-analysis. Int Wound J 2007; 4: 197-207
- 64 Cullum N, Nelson EA, Flemming K. et al. Systematic reviews of wound care management: (5) beds; (6) compression; (7) laser therapy, therapeutic ultrasound, electrotherapy and electromagnetic therapy. Health Technol Assess 2001; 5: 1-221
- 65 Reddy M, Gill SS, Rochon PA. Preventing pressure ulcers: a systematic review. JAMA 2006; 296: 974-984
- 66 Adler LM, Loughlin JS, Morin CJ. et al. Bilateral compartment syndrome after a long gynecologic operation in the lithotomy position. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1990; 162: 1271-1272
- 67 Lawrenz B, Kraemer B, Wallwiener D. et al. Lower extremity compartment syndrome after laparoscopic radical hysterectomy: brief report of an unusual complication of laparoscopic positioning requirements. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2011; 18: 531-533
- 68 Schofield PF, Grace RH. Acute compartment syndrome of the legs after colorectal surgery. Colorectal Dis 2004; 6: 285-287
- 69 Halliwill JR, Hewitt SA, Joyner MJ. et al. Effect of various lithotomy positions on lower-extremity blood pressure. Anesthesiology 1998; 89: 1373-1376
- 70 Bauer ECA, Koch N, Erichsen CJ. et al. Survey of compartment syndrome of the lower extremity after gynecological operations. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2014; 399: 343-348
- 71 Martin JT. Compartment syndromes: concepts and perspectives for the anesthesiologist. Anesth Analg 1992; 75: 275-283
- 72 Svendsen LB, Flink P, Wøjdemann M. et al. Muscle oxygen saturation during surgery in the lithotomy position. Clin Physiol 1997; 17: 433-438
- 73 Mar GJ, Barrington MJ, McGuirk BR. Acute compartment syndrome of the lower limb and the effect of postoperative analgesia on diagnosis. Br J Anaesth 2009; 102: 3-11
- 74 Pfeffer SD, Halliwill JR, Warner MA. Effects of lithotomy position and external compression on lower leg muscle compartment pressure. Anesthesiology 2001; 95: 632-636
- 75 Mars M, Hadley GP. Failure of pulse oximetry in the assessment of raised limb intracompartmental pressure. Injury 1994; 25: 379-381
- 76 Wey JM, Guinn GA. Ulnar nerve injury with open-heart surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 1985; 39: 358-360
- 77 AWMF. S3 Leitlinie „Vermeidung perioperativer Hypothermie“. Aktualisierung 2019. Accessed March 30, 2020 at: https://www.awmf.org/uploads/tx_szleitlinien/001-018l_S3_Vermeidung_perioperativer_Hypothermie_2019-08.pdf