Das Persönlichkeitsinventar für ICD-11 (PiCD): Reliabilität und Validität der Deutschen Version in einer klinischen und nicht-klinischen Stichprobe

Zusammenfassung

Mit der 11. Version der International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11) erfolgt ein Paradigmenwechsel in der Diagnostik von Persönlichkeitsstörungen: Deren Klassifikation erfolgt künftig nicht mehr kategorial, sondern dimensional entlang der Schweregrade von Persönlichkeitsbeeinträchtigungen und optional der Präsenz maladaptiver Persönlichkeitsmerkmale. Diese Studie untersucht die Reliabilität und Validität der deutschen Version des Personality Inventory for ICD-11 (PiCD), ein Fragebogen zur Erfassung der ICD-11 Persönlichkeitsdomänen, in einer klinischen und nicht-klinischen Stichprobe (N=939). Die Faktorstruktur des PiCD wurde mit Hilfe einer explorativen Faktorenanalyse (EFA) untersucht und zeigte eine Tendenz für ein Vier-Faktoren Modell (Negative Affektivität, Dissozialität, Distanziertheit und ein bipolarer Faktor Enthemmung-Anankasmus). Die Subskalen des PiCD wiesen akzeptable bis exzellente Reliabilitätskoeffizienten mit Cronbach‘s α=0,79 – 0,89 und McDonald‘s ω=0,76 – 0,90 auf. Die konvergente und diskriminante Validität wurde anhand weiterer Selbsteinschätzungsinstrumente untersucht und erwies sich als zufriedenstellend. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass es sich bei der deutschen Version des PiCD um ein reliables und einigermaßen valides Messinstrument zur Erfassung der maladaptiven Persönlichkeitsmerkmale gemäß ICD-11 handelt. Es ist jedoch weitere Forschung zur Faktorenstruktur, geeigneten Cut-Off- sowie Normwerten notwendig.

Abstract

The 11^th version of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11) marks a paradigm shift in the diagnosis of personality disorders: In the near future, their classification will no longer be categorical, but dimensional along the severity of personality impairments and optionally regarding the presence of maladaptive personality traits. This study examines the reliability and validity of the German version of the Personality Inventory for ICD-11 (PiCD), a questionnaire designed to assess ICD-11 maladaptive personality domains, in a clinical and nonclinical sample (N=939). The factor structure of the PiCD was examined using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and showed a tendency for a four-factor model (Negative Affectivity, Dissociality, Detachment, and a bipolar factor Disinhibition-Anankastia). The subscales of the PiCD demonstrated acceptable to excellent reliability coefficients with Cronbach’s α (0.79 – 0.89) and McDonald’s ω (0.76 – 0.90). Convergent and discriminant validity were examined in conjunction with other questionnaires and were found to be satisfactory. The results suggest that the German version of the PiCD is a reliable and largely valid measurement instrument for assessing ICD-11 maladaptive personality traits. However, further research on factor structure, appropriate cut-off as well as norm values is needed.

Schlüsselwörter

Persönlichkeitsstörung - ICD-11 - PiCD - maladaptive Persönlichkeitsmerkmale - Psychometrie

Key words

personality disorder - ICD-11 - PiCD - maladaptive traits - psychometric

Publication History

Received: 15 September 2021

Accepted after revision: 12 April 2022

Article published online:
02 September 2022

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