Prognostic role of the skeletal musculature in oncology: significance, coherences and clinical implications

Abstract

Background

Sarcopenia is defined as a loss of muscle mass and strength as well as decreased physical performance.

Method

The present study provides a systematic overview of the current literature in regard to the prognostic role of sarcopenia in oncology.

Conclusion

In oncologic patients, sarcopenia occurs in 39.6 % of cases in a curative setting and in 49.2 % in a palliative setting. Sarcopenia is associated with dose-limiting toxicity. Furthermore, sarcopenia is associated with the occurrence of postoperative complications. Also, reduced muscle mass limits overall survival in most tumors both in a curative and a palliative setting. Therefore, analysis of the skeletal musculature on staging CT should be implemented in the clinical routine in oncology.

Key Points

• In oncologic patients, the prevalence of sarcopenia is 39.6 % in a curative setting and 49.2 % in a palliative setting.

• Sarcopenia is associated with dose-limiting toxicity and treatment response.

• Sarcopenia predicts overall survival in oncologic patients.

Citation Format

• Surov A, Wienke A, Gutzmer R et al. Prognostic role of the skeletal musculature in oncology: significance, coherences and clinical implications. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2024; 196: 699 – 706

Key words

sarcopenia - cancer - survival

Publication History

Received: 10 July 2023

Accepted: 02 November 2023

Article published online:
22 December 2023

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