Klinischer Ultraschall Teil II: Sonopsychologie – psychologische Aspekte der Interaktionen im Ultraschall

Kurzfassung

Ultraschalluntersuchungen ermöglichen im Gegensatz zur bildgebenden Großgerätediagnostik eine direkte Echtzeit-Interaktion zwischen Untersuchern und Patienten und ihren Begleitpersonen. In dieser Übersicht stellen wir einerseits allgemeine patientenrelevante Aspekte dieser Interaktion vor, wobei Endpunkte wie emotionale Faktoren von allgemeinen und physischen Belastungen durch die Untersuchung unterschieden werden. Andererseits beleuchten wir spezifische psychosoziale Interaktionen bei Ultraschalluntersuchungen in der hausärztlichen Versorgung, Gastroenterologie, Onkologie, Palliativmedizin, Pädiatrie, Geburtshilfe und Gynäkologie näher. Darüber hinaus betrachten wir Ultraschall nicht nur als Intervention im Sinne nadelgeführter Prozeduren, sondern auch als Möglichkeit, Beziehungen zu verändern und Lebensstilmodifikationen anzustoßen. Die psychologischen Auswirkungen von Zufallsbefunden und die Bedeutung der adäquaten Kommunikation von Befunden und Prognose werden aus der Patientenperspektive diskutiert.

Abstract

In contrast to cross-sectional imaging using computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging or positron emission tomography, ultrasound examinations enable direct real-time interaction between examiner and patient and their companions. In this review, we highlight general patient-relevant aspects, whereby endpoints such as emotional factors of general and physical stress caused by the examination are discussed. On the other hand, we take a closer look at specific psychosocial interactions during ultrasound examinations in primary care, gastroenterology, oncology, palliative care, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology. Furthermore, we consider ultrasound not only as an intervention in the sense of a needle-guiding procedure, but also as an opportunity to change relationships and initiate lifestyle modifications. The psychological impact of incidental findings and the importance of adequate communication of findings and prognosis is discussed from the patient’s perspective.

Schlüsselwörter

Ultraschall - Psychologie - Patientenpräferenz - Patientenperspektive

Keywords

Ultrasound - Psychology - Patients Preference - Patients perspective

Publication History

Received: 21 January 2025

Accepted after revision: 10 April 2025

Article published online:
15 May 2025

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