Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, historically ranks among the most fatal transmissible diseases in the world. The
current treatment regimens are severely challenged by the growing appearance of extensively
drug-resistant (XDR) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of tuberculosis. This has
sparked an increase in the development of novel chemical scaffolds with significant
antimycobacterial activity. In continuation of our previous coverage of novel scaffolds
that are effective against tuberculosis, the present account highlights the chemical
motifs, including benzimidazole, benzothiazinone, chalcone, furan, indole, oxadiazole,
pyrazole, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrrole, quinoline, quinolone, thiazole, thiophene
and triazole, reported in 2023, along with an emphasis on their antitubercular (anti-TB)
modes of action, minimum inhibitory concentrations from nanomolar to micromolar, promising
action against MDR-TB strains, structure–activity relationships, etc. This comprehensive
study provides a critical examination of recently reported anti-TB agents with a focus
on their potential to address the growing challenges of drug-resistance.
1 Background
2 Newly Reported Antitubercular Agents
2.1 Benzimidazole
2.2 Benzothiazinone
2.3 Chalcone
2.4 Coumarin
2.5 Furan
2.6 Indole
2.7 Oxadiazole
2.8 Pyrazole
2.9 Pyridine
2.10 Pyrimidine
2.11 Pyrrole
2.12 Quinoline
2.13 Quinolone
2.14 Thiazole
2.15 Thiophene
2.16 Triazole
2.17 Miscellaneous Heterocycles
3 Concluding Remarks
4 Abbreviations
Key words
tuberculosis - antitubercular agents - novel chemical scaffolds - structure–activity
relationship - antimycobacterial activity
