Local Capacity Building, Constraints, and Microsurgical Reconstruction in a Low-Resource Country: A Cross-sectional Study of Surgeons

Abstract

Background

While the need for reconstructive microsurgical procedures has increased across the developing world, several constraints in low- and middle-income settings prevent its consistent performance. Our study aimed to understand the impact of microsurgery training on local capacity in a low-income setting, and to understand limitations that may affect long-term build-up of microsurgical capacity.

Methods

Cross-sectional study evaluating survey responses of trainees and surgeons who participated in a Flap Transfer and Microsurgery course held in Ibadan, Nigeria. The survey consisted of a pre- and postcourse questionnaire, and a 2-year posttraining survey. The questionnaire sought to assess training impact on microsurgical capacity and limitations at each participants institution. Fourteen surgeons completed all questionnaires and were included in the study.

Results

Thirteen (92.3%) participants had encountered at least one defect requiring microvascular surgery within 2 years of the training, and 9 (69.2%) reported having performed at least one surgery. Most surgeons indicated having performed less procedures than needed across all defect anatomical site/etiology. The most common limitation reported by participants consisted of man-power shortage (78.6%), followed by expense of each procedure, difficulty procuring materials, and trainers with limited experience.

Conclusion

There is a significant need for microsurgical reconstruction in sub-Saharan Africa, with varied local challenges preventing consistent delivery of microsurgical care. The analysis complements previous literature on microsurgical care in developing countries and highlights significant constraints preventing widespread adoption and the role of local training opportunities that help in building long-term local capacity.

Keywords

microsurgery - reconstruction - LMIC - capacity-building - surgical education

Publication History

Received: 18 March 2025

Accepted: 21 September 2025

Article published online:
27 October 2025

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