Arzneimittelforschung 2009; 59(8): 422-428
DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1296418
Antibiotics · Antimycotics · Antiparasitics · Antiviral Drugs · Chemotherapeutics · Cytostatics
Editio Cantor Verlag Aulendorf (Germany)

Chromatographic/Mass Spectrometric Method for the Estimation of Itraconazole and its Metabolite in Human Plasma

Application to a bioequivalence study
Tomasz Grabowski
1   Centre of Pharmacokinetics Research FILAB, Ravimed Sp. z o. o., Łajski, (Poland)
,
Anna Świerczewska
1   Centre of Pharmacokinetics Research FILAB, Ravimed Sp. z o. o., Łajski, (Poland)
,
Beata Borucka
1   Centre of Pharmacokinetics Research FILAB, Ravimed Sp. z o. o., Łajski, (Poland)
,
Renata Sawicka
1   Centre of Pharmacokinetics Research FILAB, Ravimed Sp. z o. o., Łajski, (Poland)
,
Malgorzata Sasinowska-Motyl
2   Departament of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University Warszawa, Warszawa, (Poland)
,
Stanislaw Witold Gumulka
2   Departament of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University Warszawa, Warszawa, (Poland)
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
13 December 2011 (online)

Abstract

A HPLC/mass spectrometry method for the estimation of itraconazole (CAS 84625-61-6, ITR) and its active metabolite hydroxyitraconazole (CAS 112559-91-8, HOX) in human plasma was developed. Terconazole (CAS 67915-31-5) was used as an internal standard. The analytical method was fully validated according to FDA and EMEA requirements. The accuracy and precision of the developed method was satisfactory and stability studies showed an acceptable variation (below 15%) of ITR and HOX concentrations when the samples were stored frozen at −75 °C for 95 days. The developed method was successfully used for a comparative 2x2 period, crossover bioequivalence study of two preparations of ITR (Itrakonazol Genexo 100 mg as the test drug) performed on 36 healthy volunteers.

 
  • References

  • 1 Gubbins PO, Gurley BJ, Bowman J. Rapid and sensitive high performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of itraconazole and its hydroxy-metabolite in human serum. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 1998; 16: 1005-12
  • 2 Khoschsorur G, Fruehwirth F, Zelzer S. Isocratic high-performance liquid chromatographic method with ultraviolet detection for simultaneous determination of levels of voriconazole and itraconazole and its hydroxy metabolite in human serum. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005; 49: 3569-71
  • 3 Cociglio M, Hillaire-Buys D, Alric R. Prevalidation statistical design to assess analytical methods. Example of a quick liquid chromatographic assay of ITR in serum. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 1997; 698: 225-33
  • 4 Gagliardi L, De Orsi D, Chimenti P, Porra’ R, Tonelli D. HPLC determination of imidazole antimycotics In antidandruff cosmetic products. Analyt Sci. 2003; 19: 1195-7
  • 5 Rifai N, Sakamoto M, Platt O, Brugnara C. A high-performance liquid chromatographic assay for the determination of itraconazole concentration using solid-phase extraction and small sample volume. Ther Drug Monit. 1995; 17: 522-5
  • 6 Koks CH, Sparidans RW, Lucassen G, Crommentuyn KM, Beijnen JH. Selective high-performance liquid chromatographic assay for itraconazole and hydroxyitraconazole in plasma from human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2002; 767: 103-10
  • 7 Vogeser M, Spöhrer U, Schiel X. Determination of itraconazole and hydroxyitraconazole in plasma by use of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with on-line solid-phase extraction. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2003; 41: 915-20
  • 8 Carrier A, Parent J. Liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric determination of itraconazole and its major metabolite, hydroxyitraconazole, in dog plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2000; 745: 413-30
  • 9 Yao M, Chen L, Srinivas NR. Quantitation of itraconazole in rat heparinized plasma by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2001; 752: 9-16
  • 10 Estevez-Carrizo FE, Ruiz S, Bellocq B, Leal C, Siri MT, del Campo MJ. Simultaneous itraconazole bioequivalence assessment and CYP3A phenotyping in South American subjects. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2005; 43: 109-16
  • 11 Bharathi DV, Hotha KK, Sagar PV, Kumar SS, Reddy PR, Naidu A et al. Development and validation of a highly sensitive and robust LC-MS/MS with electrospray ionization method for simultaneous quantitation of itraconazole and hydroxyitraconazole in human plasma: application to a bioequivalence study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2008; 868: 70-6
  • 12 Shah VP, Midha KK, Dighe S, McGilveray IJ, Skelly JP, Yacobi A et al. Analytical methods validation: bioavailability, bioequivalence and pharmacokinetic studies. Conference report. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 1991; 16: 249-312
  • 13 ICH. Text on Validation of Analytical Procedures Q2A. 1994.
  • 14 WHO. Use of anticoagulants in diagnostic laboratory investigations. Rev.2; 1999.
  • 15 CDER. Guidance for Industry Analytical Procedures and Methods Validation. Rockville (MD): Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research; 2000.
  • 16 CDER. Guidance for Industry: Bioanalytical Method Validation. Rockville (MD): US Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research; 2001.
  • 17 EMEA. Note for Guidance on the investigation of bioavailability and bioequivalence. CPMP/EWP/QWP/1401/98, 2001.
  • 18 European Parliament and The Council. Directive 2004/10/EC. Off J of the Europ Union. 2004; 44: 58-
  • 19 CDER. Reviewer Guidance Validation of Chromatographic Methods. Rockville (MD): Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research; 1994.
  • 20 Barone JA, Moskovitz BL, Guarnieri J, Hassell AE, Colaizzi JL, Bierman RH et al. Food interaction and steady state pharmacokinetics of itraconazole oral solution in healthy volunteers. Pharmacotherapy. 1998; 18: 295-301
  • 21 Suarez-Kurtz G, Bozza FA, Vicente FL, Ponte CG, Struchiner CJ. Limited sampling strategy models for itraconazole and hydroxyl-itraconazole based on data from a bioequivalence study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999; 43: 134-40