Synlett, Inhaltsverzeichnis Synlett 2013; 24(13): 1637-1642DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1339278 letter © Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New YorkMagnetically Recoverable CuFe2O4 Nanoparticles as Highly Active Catalysts for Csp3–Csp and Csp3–Csp3 Oxidative Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling Reuben Hudson Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, QC, H3A 0B8, Canada Fax: +1(514)3983797 eMail: cj.li@mcgill.ca eMail: audrey.moores@mcgill.ca , Shingo Ishikawa Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, QC, H3A 0B8, Canada Fax: +1(514)3983797 eMail: cj.li@mcgill.ca eMail: audrey.moores@mcgill.ca , Chao-Jun Li* Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, QC, H3A 0B8, Canada Fax: +1(514)3983797 eMail: cj.li@mcgill.ca eMail: audrey.moores@mcgill.ca , Audrey Moores* Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, QC, H3A 0B8, Canada Fax: +1(514)3983797 eMail: cj.li@mcgill.ca eMail: audrey.moores@mcgill.ca› InstitutsangabenArtikel empfehlen Abstract Artikel einzeln kaufen Alle Artikel dieser Rubrik Abstract This study probes the versatility of [metal] ferrite {[M]Fe2O4} nanoparticles as an effective catalyst platform for oxidative cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) by comparing the reactivity of simple magnetite (Fe3O4) with that of the copper-substituted analogue, copper ferrite (CuFe2O4). In either case, the iron within the lattice enables magnetic recovery of the nanoparticles, simplifying the process of catalyst recycling. Both iron and copper effectively catalyze the CDC of two sp3 carbons, while copper provides reactivity that iron cannot: activation of sp-hybridized carbons for coupling to sp3 centers. Key words Key wordsferrite - magnetic nanoparticles - oxygen - cross-coupling - C–C bond formation Volltext Referenzen References 1a Astruc D, Lu F, Ruiz Aranzaes J. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2005; 44: 7852 1b Molenbroek AM, Helveg S, Topsoe H, Clausen BS. Top. Catal. 2009; 52: 1303 1c Polshettiwar V, Varma RS. Green Chem. 2010; 12: 743 2a Anastas PT, Bartlett LB, Kirchhoff MM, Williamson TC. Catal. Today 2000; 55: 11 2b Anastas PT, Kirchhoff MM. Acc. Chem. Res. 2002; 35: 686 3a Lu AH, Salabas EL, Schüth F. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2007; 46: 1222 3b Polshettiwar V, Luque R, Fihri A, Zhu H, Bouhrara M, Bassett J.-M. Chem. Rev. 2011; 111: 3036 4a Polshettiwar V, Varma RS. 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Chem. 2010; 8: 4077 23 Experimental Procedure CuFe2O3 (<50 nm particle size), Fe2O4 (<50 nm particle size) and other reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used as received. 2-Aryl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines were prepared by a previously reported method. For coupling with nitroalkanes, CuFe2O3 nanoparticles (0.02 mmol), nitroalkane (0.5 mL), 2-aryl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines (0.2 mmol), and a magnetic stir bar were added to a reaction vessel to which a refluxing condenser was connected and a balloon of O2 sealed the top and reacted at 100 °C for 24 h. For coupling with aromatic alkynes, CuFe2O3 nanoaprticles (0.02 mmol), aromatic alkyne (0.22 mmol), 2-aryl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines (0.2 mmol), 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (0.2 mmol), decane (0.5 mL), and a magnetic stir bar were added to a reaction vessel, sealed, and reacted at 100 °C for 24 h. The nanoparticles were magnetically recovered, washed with EtOAc, air-dried, and reused without further modification (only for the recycling tests). The reaction supernatant was filtered through Celite, and any volatile compounds were removed under vacuum. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (eluent: hexane–EtOAc, 5:1). Zusatzmaterial Zusatzmaterial Supporting Information
