Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1347239
Gas Chromatographic Mass Analysis and Further Pharmacological Actions of Cymbopogon proximus Essential Oil
Publication History
received 02 April 2013
accepted 30 April 2013
Publication Date:
18 June 2013 (online)
Abstract
The present study reports Gas chromatographic mass analysis (GC-MS) as well as important biological activities of Cymbopogon proximus essential oil. The chemical composition of the essential oil of Cymbopogon proximus was investigated by GC-MS. Furthermore, the effects of Cymbopogon proximus essential oil on the cardiac parasympathetic ganglia in rats, the intra-tracheal pressure in guinea-pigs and on carrageenan-induced inflammation in the rat̓s paw, were studied. The GC-MS study led to the identification of 22 components with Piperitone representing (73.81%), Elemol (9.32%), alpha-Eudesmol (5.21%) and alpha-Terpineol (3.01%) of the oil̓s composition. The percentage protective effect of the oil on the vagus-induced bradycardia in rats was 90.1±3.1%, which represents a significant protection. As for the effect of Cymbopogon oil on bronchoconstrictors-induced increase in intra-tracheal pressure in guinea-pigs, the oil antagonized the actions of 5-HT and histamine by 80±3.7 and 93±8.3%, respectively. Pharmacological investigations using Cymbopogon oil revealed its inherent ability to possess a bronchodilator activity mediated via blockade of both histamine and serotonin receptors. It possessed a significant ganglionic blocking action and a limited anti-inflammatory activity that seemed to involve blockade of histamine and serotonin receptors in the rats’ paws.
-
References
- 1 Boulos L. Flora of Egypt. Cairo: Al Hadara Publishing; 1999: 291-301
- 2 Tackholm V. Students Flora of Egypt. 2nd ed. Cairo: Cairo University Press; 1974: 759
- 3 Boulos L. Medicinal Plants of North Africa. Michigan: Reference Publication Inc.; 1983: 92
- 4 Abdel-Moneim FM, Ahmed ZF, Fayez M et al. Constituents of local plants XIV. The antispasmodic principle in Cymbopogon proximus . Planta Med 1969; 17: 209-216
- 5 El Tahir KEH, Abdel-Kader MS. Chemical and pharmacological study of Cymbopogon proximus volatile oil. Res J of Med Plant 2008; 2: 53-60
- 6 Mansour HA, Newairy AS, Yousef MI et al. A biochemical study on the effects of some Egyptian herbs in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Toxicol 2002; 170: 221-228
- 7 Sheweita SA, Newairy AS, Mansour HA et al. Effect of some hypoglycemic herbs on the activity of phase I and II drug-metabolizing enzymes in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Toxicol 2002; 174: 131-139
- 8 Selim SA. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil and methanol extract of the Egyptian lemongrass Cymbopogon proximus . Grasas Y Aceites 2011; 62: 55-61
- 9 European Pharmacopoeia . Council of Europe: Strasbourg Cedex. 5th ed. 2004: 217-218
- 10 Tocker JE, Durham SK, Welton AF et al. Phospholipase A2-induced pulmonary and hemodynamic responses in the guinea-pig. Effects of enzyme inhibitors and mediators antagonists. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990; 142: 1193-1199
- 11 Buchan P, Adcock JJ. Capsaicin-induced bronchoconstriction in guinea-pig: contribution of vagal cholinergic reflexes, local axon reflexes and their modulation by BW443C81. Br J Pharmacol 1992; 105: 448-452
- 12 ELTahir KEH, Ashour MMS, Al-Harbi MM. The respiratory effects of the volatile oil of black seed (Nigella sativa) in Guinea-pigs: Elucidation of the mechanism of action. Gen Pharmacol 1993; 24: 1115-1122
- 13 Winter CA, Risley EA, Nuss GW. Carrageenan-induced edema in hind paw of the rat as an assay for anti-inflammatory drugs. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1962; 111: 544-547
- 14 Thompson GW, Levett JM, Miller SM et al. Bradycardia induced by intravascular versus direct stimulation of the vagus nerve. Ann Thorac Surg 1998; 65: 637-642
- 15 Breschi MC, Martinolti E, Apostoliti F et al. Protective effect of silymarin in antigen challenge-and histamine-induced bronchoconstriction in vivo guinea-pigs. Eur J Pharmacol 2002; 43: 91-95
- 16 Canning BJ, Reynold SM, Mazzone SB. Multiple mechanisms of reflex bronchospasm in guinea pigs. J Applied Physiol 2001; 91: 2642-2653
- 17 Bhukya B, Anreddy RN, William CM et al. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of leaf extract of Kydia calycina Roxb. Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2009; 4: 101-104
- 18 Borthakur A, Bhattacharyya S, Dudeja PK et al. Carrageenan induces interleukin-8 production through distinct BC110 pathway in normal human colonic epithelial cells. Am J Physiol 2007; 292: 829-838