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Adipositas - Ursachen, Folgeerkrankungen, Therapie 2013; 07(03): 154-158
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1618817
Serie Hypertonie: Übersichtsarbeit
Schattauer GmbH

Natriuretische Peptide als Regulatoren des Fettsäure- und Glukosestoffwechsels

Regulation of fatty acid and glucose metabolism by natriuretic peptides
S. Engeli
1   Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
,
J. Reinke
2   Center of Cardiovascular Research, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin
,
A. Birkenfeld
2   Center of Cardiovascular Research, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin
,
J. Jordan
1   Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
21 December 2017 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Die natriuretischen Peptide ANP und BNP werden überwiegend im Herzen gebildet und dienen als kardiovaskuläre Hormone mit Schutzfunktion für das Herz über hämodynamische Wirkungen wie Natriurese, Vasodilatation und Blutdrucksenkung. Neuere Befunde zeigen, dass die natriuretischen Peptide aber auch den Fettsäure- und Glukosestoffwechsel beeinflussen. Die Freisetzung von Fettsäuren aus dem Fettgewebe und die Nutzung der Fettsäuren in der Muskulatur werden durch natriuretische Peptide stimuliert. Im Muskel führen natriuretische Peptide zu einer gesteigerten Mitochondrienmasse und einer verbesserten oxidativen Kapazität, was sich unmittelbar auch günstig auf die Insulinsensitivität auswirkt. Bei Adipositas und Typ- 2-Diabetes mellitus wurden erniedrigte Plasmakonzentrationen der natriuretischen Peptide beschrieben. Dies könnte zu den Stoffwechselproblemen dieser Patienten beitragen. Zu den Maßnahmen, die die Signalwege der natriuretischen Peptide verstärken, gehört z. B. körperliches Training. Neuere pharmakologische Ansätze, die hier eingreifen, sind in der Entwicklung und sollten hinsichtlich ihrer Wirkungen auf den Fettsäure- und Glukosestoffwechsel evaluiert werden.

Summary

Natriuretic peptides, ANP and BNP, are secreted primarily by the heart. These cardiovascular hormones reduce pre- and afterload by mechanisms as natriuresis, vasodilation and decreased blood pressure, thereby protecting the heart. New research has focused on the effects of natriuretic peptides on fatty acid and glucose metabolism. Release of fatty acids from adipose tissue and enhanced lipid oxidation in the skeletal muscle were described. Direct effects in skeletal muscle fibers include increased mitochondrial mass and enhanced oxidative capacity, ultimately leading to increased insulin sensitivity. Natriuretic peptides are reduced in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus which may contribute to the well known metabolic deteriorations that complicate these conditions. A way to improve natriuretic peptide signaling is increased physical activity. New pharmacological approaches that enhance natriuretic peptide effects are under development. A thorough analysis of their metabolic effects appears warranted.

Schlüsselwörter

Natriuretische Peptide - oxidativer Stoffwechsel - Adipozyten - Skelettmuskel

Keywords

Natriuretic peptides - oxidative metabolism - adipocytes - skeletal muscle
 

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