Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere 2009; 37(01): 33-39
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1622738
Hund/Katze
Schattauer GmbH

Differenzialdiagnostische Aspekte und Charakterisierung der Anämie bei 79 Katzen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Rolle von Infektionen mit felinen Hämoplasmen

Differential diagnosis and characterization of anemia in 79 cats with special consideration of the role of feline haemoplasma infections
S. Laberke
1   Medizinische Kleintierklinik (Vorstand: Prof. Dr. K. Hartmann) der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
,
K. Hartmann
1   Medizinische Kleintierklinik (Vorstand: Prof. Dr. K. Hartmann) der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
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Publikationsverlauf

Eingegangen: 02. April 2008

akzeptiert: 01. Juni 2008

Publikationsdatum:
06. Januar 2018 (online)

Zusammenfassung

Gegenstand und Ziel: Charakterisierung der Anämie bei 79 Katzen und Untersuchung auf eine Infektion mit felinen Hämoplasmen. Material und Methode: 79 anämische Katzen (Hämatokrit < 25%) und 217 Kontrollkatzen (Hämatokrit ≥ 30%) aus Südbayern wurden klinisch und labordiagnostisch untersucht. Weiterhin erfolgte mittels PCR ein Nachweis von Infektionen mit felinen Hämoplasmen. Ergebnisse: Die Prävalenz feliner Hämoplasmen der anämischen Katzen lag mit 8,9% unter dem Wert der Kontrollgruppe mit 13,4% (Unterschied nicht signifikant). Bei 81,3% der anämischen Katzen war die Anämie als Anämie der chronischen Krankheit zu klassifizieren. Bei 12,0% kamen chronische Blutungs- oder Eisenmangelanämien sowie bei 6,7% hämolytische Anämien vor. Bei keiner Katze konnte eine klinisch manifeste Hämoplasmose dia-gnostiziert werden. Klinische und labordiagnostische Befunde zeigten zwischen den beiden Gruppen zahlreiche signifikante Unterschiede, die auf den zugrunde liegenden systemischen Krankheiten beruhen. Schlussfolgerung: Über 80% der Katzen dieser Studie litten unter einer Anämie der chronischen Krankheit. Hämoplasmeninfektionen spielten dabei keine Rolle. Klinische Relevanz: Bei der differenzialdiagnostischen Abklärung der Anämie bei einer Katze sollte zunächst an eine Anämie der chronischen Krankheit durch chronische Entzündungen oder Tumoren oder an eine Niereninsuffizienz gedacht werden.

Summary

Objective: In 79 anaemic cats, the anaemia was characterized and the most common reasons for anaemia were classified. Cats were also tested for infections with feline haemoplasms. Material and methods: Seventy-nine anaemic cats (packed cell volume [PCV] < 25%) and a control group containing 217 cats (PCV ≥ 30%) from Southern Bavaria were examined clinically, by laboratory tests and a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect infections with three feline haemotrophic Mycoplasma species (Mycoplasma haemofelis, Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum, Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis). Results: The prevalence for feline haemoplasms was higher in the control group (13.4%) than in the group of anaemic cats (8.9%) (difference not statistically significant). In 81.3% of all the cats, the anaemia could be classified as anaemia of chronic inflammation. In 12.0% of the cats, chronic blood loss or iron deficiency were the cause for the anemia. Haemolytic anaemia could be diagnosed in 6.7% of the cats. In none of the cats, a clinical haemoplasmosis was diagnosed. Although in seven anaemic cats Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum was detected by PCR, in all of these patients another underlying cause for the anemia could be found. Numerous significant differences between anaemic and non-anaemic cats could be detected when comparing clinical and laboratory parameters which all could be explained by the underlying systemic diseases diagnosed in these cats. Conclusion: In more than 80% of the cats, anaemia could be classified as anaemia of chronic disease. Haemoplasma infections do not seem to play an important role in the pathophysiology of anaemia in cats in Southern Bavaria. Clinical relevance: When exploring anaemia in cats, anaemia of chronic inflammation should be considered as most frequent cause. Often one of the following underlying diseases could be found: chronic inflammation, neoplasia, or chronic renal failure.

 
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