Lipoprotein Profile Modifications during Gestation: A Current Approach to Cardiovascular risk surrogate markers and Maternal-fetal Unit Complications

Ana Paula Caires dos Santos; Ricardo David Couto

doi:10.1055/s-0038-1642600

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics, Inhaltsverzeichnis

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2018; 40(05): 281-286
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1642600

Review Article

Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Lipoprotein Profile Modifications during Gestation: A Current Approach to Cardiovascular risk surrogate markers and Maternal-fetal Unit Complications

Modificações do perfil lipoproteico durante a gestação: uma abordagem atual de marcadores sugestivos de risco cardiovascular e complicações materno-fetais

Ana Paula Caires dos Santos

¹Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil

²Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, BA, Brazil

,

Ricardo David Couto

¹Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil

²Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, BA, Brazil

› Institutsangaben

Abstract

Several changes occur in lipid metabolism during gestation due to hormonal and metabolic changes, which are essential to satisfy the nutritional demands of the maternal-fetal unit development. The gestation shows two distinct periods that begin with fat accumulation, mainly in maternal adipose tissue, and the late phase, characterized by accelerated catabolism, with the increase of fatty acids in the circulation that causes hyperlipidemia, especially the one characterized as hypertriglyceridemia. Maternal hyperlipidemia may be associated with the development of maternal-fetal complications (preterm birth, preeclampsia, vascular complications) and the development of long-term cardiovascular disease. The cardiovascular risk may not only be related to lipoproteins cholesterol content, but also to the number and functionality of circulating lipoprotein particles. This review reports the major changes that occur in lipoprotein metabolism during pregnancy and that are associated with the development of dyslipidemias, lipoprotein atherogenic phenotype, and maternal-fetal unit complications.

Resumo

Diversas mudanças ocorrem no metabolismo lipídico durante a gestação em função das alterações hormonais e metabólicas, que são essenciais para satisfazer a demanda nutricional ocasionada pelo desenvolvimento da unidade feto-placentária. O período da gestação apresenta dois momentos distintos que iniciam com acúmulo de gordura principalmente no tecido adiposo materno, e a fase tardia, caracterizada por catabolismo acelerado, com aumento de ácidos graxos na circulação causando hiperlipidemia, principalmente a aquela caracterizada como hipertrigliceridemia. A hiperlipidemia materna pode estar associada ao desenvolvimento de complicações materno-fetais (parto prematuro, pré-eclâmpsia, complicações vasculares) e de doenças cardiovasculares, a longo prazo. O risco pode estar relacionado não apenas ao teor de colesterol contido nas frações lipoprotéicas, mas também ao número e a funcionalidade das partículas lipoproteicas. Esta revisão aborda as principais mudanças que ocorrem no metabolismo lipoproteico durante a gravidez, e que estão associadas ao desenvolvimento de dislipidemias, fenótipo aterogênico e complicações materno-fetais.

Keywords

lipid metabolism - pregnancy - cardiovascular diseases - maternal-fetal complications - dyslipidemia

Palavras-chave

metabolismo lipídico - gravidez - doenças cardiovasculares - complicações materno-fetais - dislipidemia

Volltext

Referenzen

References
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