Early Pulmonary Interstitial Emphysema in Preterm Neonates—Respiratory Management and Case Report in Nonventilated Very Low Birth Weight Twins

Judith Gronbach; Harald Ehrhardt; Klaus-Peter Zimmer; Markus Waitz

doi:10.1055/s-0038-1648253

American Journal of Perinatology Reports, Table of Contents

CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 · AJP Rep 2018; 08(02): e99-e105
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1648253

Case Report

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Early Pulmonary Interstitial Emphysema in Preterm Neonates—Respiratory Management and Case Report in Nonventilated Very Low Birth Weight Twins

Judith Gronbach

¹Department of General and Neonatology, Center for Pediatrics and Youth Medicine, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Germany

,

Harald Ehrhardt

¹Department of General and Neonatology, Center for Pediatrics and Youth Medicine, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Germany

²German Lung Research Center (DZL), Giessen, Germany

,

Klaus-Peter Zimmer

¹Department of General and Neonatology, Center for Pediatrics and Youth Medicine, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Germany

,

Markus Waitz

¹Department of General and Neonatology, Center for Pediatrics and Youth Medicine, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Germany

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Early pulmonary interstitial emphysema in extreme preterm neonates is closely linked with respiratory distress syndrome and exposure to mechanical ventilation. In severe cases, maintaining adequate gas exchange aiming to avoid further lung damage and other neonatal morbidities associated with systemic/pulmonary hypoperfusion, prolonged hypoxia, and respiratory acidosis can be challenging and requires in-depth knowledge into the pathophysiology of the disease. Herein, we report on very low birth weight twins who developed early pulmonary interstitial emphysema during noninvasive respiratory support. We further review the current evidence from the literature, specifically addressing on possible preventive measures and the respiratory management options of this acute pulmonary disease in high-risk neonates.

Keywords

pulmonary interstitial emphysema - very-low-birth-weight infants - noninvasive ventilation - surfactant - antenatal steroids

Full Text

References

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