CONTRIBUTION OF COLONOSCOPY IN CHRONIC DIARRHOEA

Aims Chronic diarrhoea is a frequent reason for gastroenterology consultations. Its etiologies are numerous and sometimes associated. Colonoscopy plays a fundamental role in the exploration of chronic diarrhoea. It is used to characterize colonic lesions and perform biopsies. The aim of our work is to study the place of endoscopy in the etiological assessment of chronic diarrhoea.

Methods This is a retrospective study of 410 cases conducted in the Gastroenterology II Department of the Mohamed V Military Training Hospital in Rabat from January 2008 to January 2016 were included all patients who present chronic diarrhea with colonoscopy.

Results The average age of our patients was 50 years, with a male prevalence of 70%. Diarrhoea was mucusy in 26% of cases; glairo-bloody in 23% of cases; liquid in 51% of cases. The associated signs were abdominal pain in 54% of cases; Koenig´s syndrome in 6% of cases; rectorragies in 8% of cases; anemic syndrome in 26% of cases; AEG in 12%; extra digestive manifestations in 5% of cases.

Colonoscopy was total in 95% of cases. The endoscopic aspects found are an aspect of inflammatory colitis in 43% of cases (28% Crohn; 15% RCH); colonic polyps in 12% of cases; colonic polyposis in 2% of cases; an ulcerous tumor process – budding in 4% of cases; colonoscopy was normal in 70% of cases. Catheterization of the ICD was performed in 70% of cases, abnormalities of the last ileal loop and ileo-caecal valve were found in 12.5% of cases.

Conclusions Colonoscopy plays a fundamental role in the diagnosis of chronic diarrhoea. The endoscopic aspects in our series are dominated by the normal and evocative aspect of the MICI.