Gastric Outlet Obstruction in the Current Era–A Pictorial Review on Computed Tomography Imaging

Abstract

Gastric outlet obstruction is a pathophysiological entity characterized by mechanical impediment of gastric emptying, which may occur due to a variety of intrinsic or extrinsic causes affecting the antrum or pylorus or duodenum. The obstruction may be benign or malignant or secondary to a motility disorder. Imaging in gastric outlet obstruction identifies majority of these causes and may indirectly even point toward motility disorders. The advent of computed tomography imaging and its subsequent advances have allowed it to become the mainstay of evaluation of stomach, particularly in gastric outlet obstruction. In this pictorial review, a few causes of gastric outlet obstruction are exhibited.

Keywords

CT imaging - CT stomach - gastric emergencies - gastric outlet obstruction

Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
15. März 2021

• References

• 1 Appasani S, Kochhar S, Nagi B, Gupta V, Kochhar R. Benign gastric outlet obstruction–spectrum and management. Trop Gastroenterol 2011; 32 (04) 259-266
• 2 Godadevi TR, Reddy RA. A clinical study and management of gastric outlet obstruction in adults. Int J Sci Stud 2016; 4 (06) 104-108
• 3 Guniganti P, Bradenham CH, Raptis C, Menias CO, Mellnick VM. CT of gastric emergencies. Radiographics 2015; 35 (07) 1909-1921
• 4 Sunnapwar A, Ojili V, Katre R, Shah H, Nagar A. Multimodality imaging of adult gastric emergencies: a pictorial review. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2017; 27 (01) 13-22
• 5 Nagpal P, Prakash A, Pradhan G. et al. MDCT imaging of the stomach: advances and applications. Br J Radiol 2017; 90 (1069) 20160412
• 6 Horton KM, Fishman EK. Current role of CT in imaging of the stomach. Radiographics 2003; 23 (01) 75-87
• 7 Kamat R, Gupta P, Reddy YR, Kochhar S, Nagi B, Kochhar R. Corrosive injuries of the upper gastrointestinal tract: a pictorial review of the imaging features. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2019; 29 (01) 6-13
• 8 Udgirkar S, Surude R, Zanwar V, Chandnani S, Contractor Q, Rathi P. Gastroduodenal tuberculosis: a case series and review of literature. Clin Med Insights Gastroenterol 2018; 11: 1179552218790566
• 9 Schwartzberg DM, Brandstetter S, Grucela AL. Crohn’s disease of the esophagus, duodenum, and stomach. Clin Colon Rectal Surg 2019; 32 (04) 231-242
• 10 Kefalas CH. Gastroduodenal Crohn's disease. Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings 2003; 16 (02) 147-151
• 11 Tentugal C, Silva L, Brito J, Soares C, Castro M, Aleixo F. The way to “GOO”: mechanisms leading to gastric outlet obstruction and corresponding imaging findings. Paper presented at: European Congress of Radiology, Vienna, Austria; 2013.
• 12 Duran Álvarez MA, Gómez López JR, Guerra Garijo T. Gastric adenomyoma: The unexpected mimicker. GE Port J Gastroenterol 2017; 24 (04) 198-202
• 13 Ba-Ssalamah A, Prokop M, Uffmann M, Pokieser P, Teleky B, Lechner G. Dedicated multidetector CT of the stomach: spectrum of diseases. Radiographics 2003; 23 (03) 625-644
• 14 Sandrasegaran K, Patel A, Fogel EL, Zyromski NJ, Pitt HA. Annular pancreas in adults. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2009; 193 (02) 455-460
• 15 Kumar A, Agarwal M, Malviya N. Chronic pancreatitis in annular pancreas, presenting with gastric outlet obstruction and bile duct stricture. Journal of Case Reports. 2020; 10 (02) 120-123
• 16 Hassan SM, Mubarik A, Muddassir S, Haq F. Adult idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis - a common presentation with an uncommon diagnosis. J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect 2018; 8 (02) 64-67
• 17 Zarineh A, Leon ME, Saad RS, Silverman JF. Idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in an adult, a potential mimic of gastric carcinoma. Pathol Res Int 2010; 2010: 614280
• 18 Lin HP, Lin YC, Kuo CY. Adult idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. J Formos Med Assoc 2015; 114 (07) 659-662