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DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1739269
Nasal mucoepidermoid carcinoma after radiotherapy: Case report
Carcinoma mucoepidermoide nasal pós-radioterapia em macroadenoma hipofisário recidivante: Relato de caso
Abstract
Introduction Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is a tumor originated from the epithelium of the glandular excretory ducts and has highly variable biological potential. It is the most prevalent cancer of the salivary glands. The present report aims to describe a case of nasal mucoepidermoid carcinoma that developed after adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) treatment of a recurrent pituitary macroadenoma.
Case Report Male patient, 62 years old, presented with recurrent nasal epistaxis on the right, associated with intense pulsatile headache, visual analogical scale (VAS) 10/10, with improvement only with the use of opioids and morphine. After undergoing oncological screening and study by imaging exams, the presence of an expansive seal lesion with suprasellar extension was seen, involving the medial wall of the cavernous segment of the right carotid artery and the anterior cerebral artery, as well as the presence of a new expansive lesion in the right nasal cavity, with ethmoid bone invasion superiorly and medial orbit wall invasion laterally, compressing the ipsilateral optic nerve canal.
Discussion Sinonasal neoplasms represent a small portion of all malignancies of the upper aerodigestive tract, accounting for < 5% of these neoplasms. The development of MEC involves risk factors such as occupational issues, history of trauma and surgery involving the nasal area, and radiation exposure, as in previous RT.
Conclusion Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is an uncommon neoplasia and can be associated with RT treatment, as used in cases of recurrent pituitary macroadenoma. In general, surgical resection to obtain free margins of neoplastic tissue is the aimed treatment, seeking better prognosis.
Resumo
Introdução O carcinoma mucoepidermoide (CME) é um tumor que se origina do epitélio dos ductos excretores glandulares e possui potencial biológico altamente variável. Trata-se do câncer de maior prevalência nas glândulas salivares. O objetivo do presente relato é reportar um caso de carcinoma mucoepidermoide nasal que se desenvolveu após tratamento radioterápico adjuvante de um macroadenoma hipofisário recidivante.
Relato de caso Paciente do sexo masculino, 62 anos, apresentou epistaxe nasal recorrente à direita, associada a cefaleia pulsátil intensa, escala visual analógica (EVA) 10/10, com melhora unicamente com o uso de opioides e morfina. Após realização de screening oncológico e estudo por exames de imagem, foi visualizada presença de lesão expansiva selar com extensão suprasselar, envolvendo a parede medial do segmento cavernoso da artéria carótida direita e a artéria cerebral anterior, assim como presença de nova lesão expansiva em cavidade nasal à direita, com invasão do etmoide, superiormente, e da parede medial da órbita, lateralmente, exercendo compressão em canal do nervo óptico ipsilateral.
Discussão O desenvolvimento do CME, com base nos relatos deste tema, envolve fatores de risco como questões ocupacionais, antecedentes de traumas e cirurgias na área nasal e exposição radioativa, como em radioterapias prévias. De forma geral, a conduta de ressecção cirúrgica com a obtenção de margens livres de tecido neoplásico é o tratamento objetivado, visando melhores prognósticos.
Publication History
Received: 08 March 2021
Accepted: 16 June 2021
Article published online:
10 January 2022
© 2022. Sociedade Brasileira de Neurocirurgia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
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