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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Arquivos Brasileiros de Neurocirurgia: Brazilian Neurosurgery 2022; 41(03): e275-e282
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1742429
Case Report

Probable Hydrocephalus Decompensation after Immunization with Pentavalent Vaccine: Case Report and Literature Review

Descompensação provável de hidrocefalia após imunização com vacina pentavalente: Relato de caso e revisão da literatura
Talles Henrique Caixeta 
1   Department of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
2   Neurosurgery Service, Hospital Vera Cruz, Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
3   Neurosurgery Service, Hospital Imaculada Conceição, Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
,
Guilherme Júnio Silva 
2   Neurosurgery Service, Hospital Vera Cruz, Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
3   Neurosurgery Service, Hospital Imaculada Conceição, Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
,
Cristina Ribas Fursternau 
1   Department of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
,
Laurence Rodrigues Amaral 
1   Department of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Abstract

There are several complications associated with immunization with the pentavalent vaccine. Most of them are mild reactions, of spontaneous resolution; however, though rare, serious and potentially-fatal adverse effects can occur. We report a case of acute intracranial hypertension syndrome in an infant with a previously-unknown suprasellar arachnoid cyst who developed acute obstructive hydrocephalus after immunization with the pentavalent vaccine. He underwent neuroendoscopic treatment, showing complete resolution of the condition. The present article aims to compare the activation of the immune system by the pertussis component of the vaccine and the mechanisms that hypothetically potentiated the pathological decompensation.

Resumo

Várias são as complicações associadas à imunização com a vacina pentavalente (VP). Em geral, são reações leves, de resolução espontânea; entretanto, raramente podem ocorrer efeitos adversos graves, potencialmente fatais. Relatamos um caso de síndrome de hipertensão intracraniana aguda (HIA) em lactente portador de cisto aracnoide suprasselar até então desconhecido, que desenvolveu hidrocefalia obstrutiva aguda pós imunização com VP. Ele foi submetido a tratamento neuroendoscópico, e apresentou resolução completa do quadro. Este artigo pretende comparar a ativação do sistema imune pelo componente pertússis da vacina e os mecanismos que hipoteticamente potencializaram a descompensação patológica.

Keywords

pentavalent vaccine - hydrocephalus - arachnoid cyst - inflammation - blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier - neuroendoscopy

Palavras-chave

vacina pentavalente - hidrocefalia - cisto aracnoide - inflamação - barreira hematoliquórica - neuroendoscopia


Publication History

Received: 23 June 2021

Accepted: 13 October 2021

Article published online:
23 September 2022

© 2022. Sociedade Brasileira de Neurocirurgia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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