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J Neurol Surg B Skull Base
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1778646
Original Article

Reporting of Participants' Sex, Race, Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Status in Pituitary Surgery Literature

Anahita Nourmahnad 
1   Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
,
Julian A. Purrinos
1   Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
,
Renata Grozovsky
1   Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
,
Angela M. Richardson
2   Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
,
Corinna G. Levine
1   Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
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Abstract

Introduction Social determinants of health (SDOH) are associated with differential outcomes after pituitary tumor treatment. However, the specific impact of SDOH is not well characterized. One reason may be the lack of collection and reporting of sociodemographic variables in the literature. This study aims to evaluate the frequency of reporting and distribution of participants' sex, race, ethnicity, income, and education level within pituitary surgery literature. We will compare the reported clinical research population demographics to the 2020 U.S. census.

Methods A systematic review was performed by searching PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases for pituitary surgery clinical research published between July 1, 2021 to June 30, 2022. We excluded studies that lacked a comparison group, were not original research (i.e., systematic reviews, meta-analysis), or included national databases and registry data.

Results The final analysis included 92 studies. A total of 99% of studies collected data on subject sex. On average 49% (range: 14–100%) of study populations were male. Only 4% (n = 4) studies included racial demographic data. Two studies included information on participants' ethnicity and two included education background. No studies included income or insurance data. Four U.S. studies included demographic distribution, and the reported race and ethnicity percentages are similar to the U.S. 2020 census distribution.

Conclusions Most clinical pituitary research collects and reports data on participant sex. However, very few studies collect and report data on other sociodemographic variables that can play a role in outcomes. The lack of sociodemographic information in clinical research literature makes it difficult to determine the role of SDOH on pituitary surgery outcomes.

Keywords

pituitary surgery - health disparities - social determinants of health - sociodemographics

Supplementary Material



Publication History

Received: 21 April 2023

Accepted: 10 December 2023

Article published online:
29 January 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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