Semin Reprod Med 2024; 42(01): 025-033
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1787273
Review Article

Anti-Mullerian Hormone Assessment in Assisted Reproductive Technique Outcome and Natural Conception

Inès Sellami*
1   Service de Médecine de la Reproduction et Préservation de la Fertilité, APHP-Université Paris-Saclay, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Clamart, France
,
2   CHU Lille, Service de Biologie de la Reproduction, Université de Lille, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, Lille, France
3   CHU Lille, Faculté de Médecine Henri Warembourg, Université de Lille, Lille Cedex, France
,
4   Service de Gynécologie et Médecine de la Reproduction, Centre Aliénor d'Aquitaine, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
5   University Bordeaux, Bordeaux Institute in Oncology-BRIC-BioGo Team, INSERM U1312, Bordeaux, France
,
3   CHU Lille, Faculté de Médecine Henri Warembourg, Université de Lille, Lille Cedex, France
6   CHU Lille, Service Assistance Médicale à la Procréation et Préservation de la Fertilité - Service de Gynécologie Médicale, Orthogénie et Sexologie, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, Lille, France
,
Sophie Catteau-Jonard
3   CHU Lille, Faculté de Médecine Henri Warembourg, Université de Lille, Lille Cedex, France
6   CHU Lille, Service Assistance Médicale à la Procréation et Préservation de la Fertilité - Service de Gynécologie Médicale, Orthogénie et Sexologie, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, Lille, France
,
1   Service de Médecine de la Reproduction et Préservation de la Fertilité, APHP-Université Paris-Saclay, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Clamart, France
7   Université Paris Saclay, Inserm, Physiologie et Physiopathologie Endocrinienne, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
,
8   Service de Médecine de la Reproduction et Préservation de la Fertilité, AP-HP-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France
› Author Affiliations

Abstract

In recent years, the prevalence of infertility has increased, and appears to affect approximately one in six couples. Some of them must perform assisted reproductive techniques (ART) in order to achieve pregnancy. As a result, growing interest has arisen about predictive factors of pregnancy and live birth with and without ART. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is a glycoprotein discovered in the 1950s in male embryonic sexual differentiation. Later, in 1984, its role in folliculogenesis was reported: secreted by granulosa cells, this hormone is involved in the regulation of the recruitment of primordial follicles and in follicular growth. AMH assays were developed for women in 1990s, and the serum AMH level has rapidly become a crucial element in managing women's fertility. Based mainly on its ability to be a quantitative but indirect marker of ovarian reserve, the serum AMH assay is widely used in reproductive medicine and ART. This review summarizes current knowledge of the AMH assessment in the field of reproductive medicine. We focus on the role of AMH level to predict spontaneous pregnancy occurrence, ART outcomes, and fertility preservation outcomes.

* These authors contributed equally to this work.




Publication History

Article published online:
18 July 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USA

 
  • References

  • 1 Fleming R, Seifer DB, Frattarelli JL, Ruman J. Assessing ovarian response: antral follicle count versus anti-Müllerian hormone. Reprod Biomed Online 2015; 31 (04) 486-496
  • 2 Dewailly D, Andersen CY, Balen A. et al. The physiology and clinical utility of anti-Mullerian hormone in women. Hum Reprod Update 2014; 20 (03) 370-385
  • 3 Teede HJ, Tay CT, Laven JJE. et al. Recommendations from the 2023 International Evidence-based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108 (10) 2447-2469
  • 4 Bry-Gauillard H, Larrat-Ledoux F, Levaillant JM. et al. Anti-Müllerian hormone and ovarian morphology in women with isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism/Kallmann syndrome: effects of recombinant human FSH. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017; 102 (04) 1102-1111
  • 5 Hagen CP, Vestergaard S, Juul A. et al. Low concentration of circulating antiMüllerian hormone is not predictive of reduced fecundability in young healthy women: a prospective cohort study. Fertil Steril 2012; 98 (06) 1602-8.e2
  • 6 Zarek SM, Mitchell EM, Sjaarda LA. et al. Is anti-Müllerian hormone associated with fecundability? findings from the EAGeR trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100 (11) 4215-4221
  • 7 Streuli I, de Mouzon J, Paccolat C. et al. AMH concentration is not related to effective time to pregnancy in women who conceive naturally. Reprod Biomed Online 2014; 28 (02) 216-224
  • 8 Depmann M, Broer SL, Eijkemans MJC. et al. Anti-Müllerian hormone does not predict time to pregnancy: results of a prospective cohort study. Gynecol Endocrinol 2017; 33 (08) 644-648
  • 9 Steiner AZ, Pritchard D, Stanczyk FZ. et al. Association between biomarkers of ovarian reserve and infertility among older women of reproductive age. JAMA 2017; 318 (14) 1367-1376
  • 10 Koo HS, Song IO, Cha SH, Park CW, Kim HO. The likelihood of achieving pregnancy through timed coitus in young infertile women with decreased ovarian reserve. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2018; 45 (01) 31-37
  • 11 Murto T, Bjuresten K, Landgren B-M, Stavreus-Evers A. Predictive value of hormonal parameters for live birth in women with unexplained infertility and male infertility. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2013; 11: 61
  • 12 Yarde F, Voorhuis M, Dólleman M, Knauff EAH, Eijkemans MJC, Broekmans FJM. Antimüllerian hormone as predictor of reproductive outcome in subfertile women with elevated basal follicle-stimulating hormone levels: a follow-up study. Fertil Steril 2013; 100 (03) 831-838
  • 13 Casadei L, Dominici F, Scaldaferri D, Vicomandi V, Ciacci S, Piccione E. Anti-Müllerian hormone levels and spontaneous pregnancy in women undergoing surgery for benign ovarian cysts. Gynecol Endocrinol 2018; 34 (10) 909-912
  • 14 Stochino-Loi E, Darwish B, Mircea O. et al. Does preoperative antimüllerian hormone level influence postoperative pregnancy rate in women undergoing surgery for severe endometriosis?. Fertil Steril 2017; 107 (03) 707-713.e3
  • 15 Harris BS, Jukic AM, Truong T, Nagle CT, Erkanli A, Steiner AZ. Markers of ovarian reserve as predictors of future fertility. Fertil Steril 2023; 119 (01) 99-106
  • 16 Murugappan G, Shahine L, Lathi RB. Antimullerian hormone is a predictor of live birth in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss. Fertil Res Pract 2019; 5: 2
  • 17 Pils S, Stepien N, Kurz C. et al. Does anti-Mullerian hormone predict the outcome of further pregnancies in idiopathic recurrent miscarriage? A retrospective cohort study. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2019; 299 (01) 259-265
  • 18 European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) Guideline Group on POI. Webber L, Davies M, Anderson R, Bartlett J, Braat D. et al. ESHRE Guideline: management of women with premature ovarian insufficiency. Hum Reprod 2016; 31 (05) 926-937
  • 19 Dumont A, Robin G, Catteau-Jonard S, Dewailly D. Role of anti-Müllerian hormone in pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome: a review. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2015; 13: 137
  • 20 Vagios S, Sacha CR, Hammer KC. et al. Response to ovulation induction treatments in women with polycystic ovary syndrome as a function of serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38 (07) 1827-1833
  • 21 Komorowski AS, Hughes L, Sarkar P. et al. Antimüllerian hormone level predicts ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome treated with clomiphene and metformin. Fertil Steril 2024; 121 (04) 660-668
  • 22 Amer SA, Li TC, Ledger WL. The value of measuring anti-Mullerian hormone in women with anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing laparoscopic ovarian diathermy. Hum Reprod 2009; 24 (11) 2760-2766
  • 23 Gülşen MS, Ulu İ, Yıldırım Köpük Ş, Kıran G. The role of anti-Müllerian hormone in predicting clomiphene citrate resistance in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Gynecol Endocrinol 2019; 35 (01) 86-89
  • 24 Hestiantoro A, Negoro YS, Afrita Y, Wiweko B, Sumapradja K, Natadisastra M. Anti-Müllerian hormone as a predictor of polycystic ovary syndrome treated with clomiphene citrate. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2016; 43 (04) 207-214
  • 25 Mahran A, Abdelmeged A, El-Adawy AR, Eissa MK, Shaw RW, Amer SA. The predictive value of circulating anti-Müllerian hormone in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome receiving clomiphene citrate: a prospective observational study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98 (10) 4170-4175
  • 26 Xi W, Yang Y, Mao H, Zhao X, Liu M, Fu S. Circulating anti-Mullerian hormone as predictor of ovarian response to clomiphene citrate in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Ovarian Res 2016; 9: 3
  • 27 Vaiarelli A, Drakopoulos P, Blockeel C. et al. Limited ability of circulating anti-Müllerian hormone to predict dominant follicular recruitment in PCOS women treated with clomiphene citrate: a comparison of two different assays. Gynecol Endocrinol 2016; 32 (03) 227-230
  • 28 Pigny P, Gorisse E, Ghulam A. et al. Comparative assessment of five serum antimüllerian hormone assays for the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2016; 105 (04) 1063-1069.e3
  • 29 Vagios S, James KE, Sacha CR. et al. A patient-specific model combining antimüllerian hormone and body mass index as a predictor of polycystic ovary syndrome and other oligo-anovulation disorders. Fertil Steril 2021; 115 (01) 229-237
  • 30 Huyghe L, Robin C, Dumont A. et al. How to choose the optimal starting dose of clomiphene citrate (50 or 100 mg per day) for a first cycle of ovulation induction in anovulatory PCOS women?. J Clin Med 2023; 12 (15) 4943
  • 31 Mehrafza M, Zare Yousefi T, Saghati Jalali S, Raoufi A, Hosseinzadeh E, Samadnia S. et al. Live birth rate following intrauterine insemination in women with low or very low level of serum anti-Müllerian hormone. JKMU 2020; 27 (04)
  • 32 Moreau J, Gatimel N, Simon C. et al. Age-specific anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels poorly affects cumulative live birth rate after intra-uterine insemination. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol X 2019; 3: 100043
  • 33 Tiegs AW, Sun L, Scott Jr RT, Goodman LR. Comparison of pregnancy outcomes following intrauterine insemination in young women with decreased versus normal ovarian reserve. Fertil Steril 2020; 113 (04) 788-796.e4
  • 34 Tremellen K, Kolo M. Serum anti-Mullerian hormone is a useful measure of quantitative ovarian reserve but does not predict the chances of live-birth pregnancy. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2010; 50 (06) 568-572
  • 35 Lamazou F, Fuchs F, Genro V. et al. [Intra-uterine insemination outcomes according to the serum AMH level on day 3]. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris) 2012; 41 (02) 122-127
  • 36 Bakas P, Boutas I, Creatsa M. et al. Can anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) predict the outcome of intrauterine insemination with controlled ovarian stimulation?. Gynecol Endocrinol 2015; 31 (10) 765-768
  • 37 Seckin B, Tokmak A, Yumusak OH. The role of anti-Müllerian hormone in prediction of pregnancy in young and older women with unexplained infertility undergoing intrauterine insemination. J Chin Med Assoc 2019; 82 (04) 300-304
  • 38 Freiesleben Nl, Rosendahl M, Johannsen TH. et al. Prospective investigation of serum anti-Müllerian hormone concentration in ovulatory intrauterine insemination patients: a preliminary study. Reprod Biomed Online 2010; 20 (05) 582-587
  • 39 Speyer BE, Abramov B, Saab W. et al. Factors influencing the outcome of intrauterine insemination (IUI): age, clinical variables and significant thresholds. J Obstet Gynaecol 2013; 33 (07) 697-700
  • 40 Li HWR, Yeung WSB, Lau EYL, Ho PC, Ng EHY. Evaluating the performance of serum antimullerian hormone concentration in predicting the live birth rate of controlled ovarian stimulation and intrauterine insemination. Fertil Steril 2010; 94 (06) 2177-2181
  • 41 Elgindy EA, El-Haieg DO, El-Sebaey A. Anti-Müllerian hormone: correlation of early follicular, ovulatory and midluteal levels with ovarian response and cycle outcome in intracytoplasmic sperm injection patients. Fertil Steril 2008; 89 (06) 1670-1676
  • 42 La Marca A, Sighinolfi G, Radi D. et al. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) as a predictive marker in assisted reproductive technology (ART). Hum Reprod Update 2010; 16 (02) 113-130
  • 43 Broer SL, Dólleman M, Opmeer BC, Fauser BC, Mol BW, Broekmans FJM. AMH and AFC as predictors of excessive response in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation: a meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update 2011; 17 (01) 46-54
  • 44 Arce JC, La Marca A, Mirner Klein B, Nyboe Andersen A, Fleming R. Antimüllerian hormone in gonadotropin releasing-hormone antagonist cycles: prediction of ovarian response and cumulative treatment outcome in good-prognosis patients. Fertil Steril 2013; 99 (06) 1644-1653
  • 45 Hamdine O, Eijkemans MJC, Lentjes EGW. et al. Antimüllerian hormone: prediction of cumulative live birth in gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist treatment for in vitro fertilization. Fertil Steril 2015; 104 (04) 891-898.e2
  • 46 Seifer DB, Tal O, Wantman E, Edul P, Baker VL. Prognostic indicators of assisted reproduction technology outcomes of cycles with ultralow serum antimüllerian hormone: a multivariate analysis of over 5,000 autologous cycles from the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology Clinic Outcome Reporting System database for 2012-2013. Fertil Steril 2016; 105 (02) 385-93.e3
  • 47 Tal R, Seifer DB, Tal R, Granger E, Wantman E, Tal O. AMH highly correlates with cumulative live birth rate in women with diminished ovarian reserve independent of age. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106 (09) 2754-2766
  • 48 Liu Y, Pan Z, Wu Y, Song J, Chen J. Comparison of anti-Müllerian hormone and antral follicle count in the prediction of ovarian response: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16 (01) 117
  • 49 Papathanasiou A, Mawal N. The risk of poor ovarian response during repeat IVF. Reprod Biomed Online 2021; 42 (04) 742-747
  • 50 Riggs RM, Duran EH, Baker MW. et al. Assessment of ovarian reserve with anti-Müllerian hormone: a comparison of the predictive value of anti-Müllerian hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, inhibin B, and age. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008; 199 (02) 202.e1-202.e8
  • 51 Qiao J, Zhang Y, Liang X. et al. A randomised controlled trial to clinically validate follitropin delta in its individualised dosing regimen for ovarian stimulation in Asian IVF/ICSI patients. Hum Reprod 2021; 36 (09) 2452-2462
  • 52 Ishihara O, Klein BM, Arce J-C. Japanese Follitropin Delta Phase 2 Trial Group. Randomized, assessor-blind, antimüllerian hormone-stratified, dose-response trial in Japanese in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection patients undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation with follitropin delta. Fertil Steril 2021; 115 (06) 1478-1486
  • 53 Ishihara O, Arce J-C. Japanese Follitropin Delta Phase 3 Trial (STORK) Group. Individualized follitropin delta dosing reduces OHSS risk in Japanese IVF/ICSI patients: a randomized controlled trial. Reprod Biomed Online 2021; 42 (05) 909-918
  • 54 Allegra A, Marino A, Volpes A. et al. A randomized controlled trial investigating the use of a predictive nomogram for the selection of the FSH starting dose in IVF/ICSI cycles. Reprod Biomed Online 2017; 34 (04) 429-438
  • 55 Nyboe Andersen A, Nelson SM, Fauser BC, García-Velasco JA, Klein BM, Arce JC. ESTHER-1 Study Group. Individualized versus conventional ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization: a multicenter, randomized, controlled, assessor-blinded, phase 3 noninferiority trial. Fertil Steril 2017; 107 (02) 387-396.e4
  • 56 Daney de Marcillac F, Pinton A, Guillaume A, Sagot P, Pirrello O, Rongieres C. What are the likely IVF/ICSI outcomes if there is a discrepancy between serum AMH and FSH levels? A multicenter retrospective study. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2017; 46 (08) 629-635
  • 57 Broer SL, Dólleman M, van Disseldorp J. et al; IPD-EXPORT Study Group. Prediction of an excessive response in in vitro fertilization from patient characteristics and ovarian reserve tests and comparison in subgroups: an individual patient data meta-analysis. Fertil Steril 2013; 100 (02) 420-9.e7
  • 58 Broer SL, van Disseldorp J, Broeze KA. et al; IMPORT Study Group. Added value of ovarian reserve testing on patient characteristics in the prediction of ovarian response and ongoing pregnancy: an individual patient data approach. Hum Reprod Update 2013; 19 (01) 26-36
  • 59 Esteves SC, Yarali H, Vuong LN. et al. Cumulative delivery rate per aspiration IVF/ICSI cycle in POSEIDON patients: a real-world evidence study of 9073 patients. Hum Reprod 2021; 36 (08) 2157-2169
  • 60 Fernández-Sánchez M, Visnova H, Yuzpe A, Klein BM, Mannaerts B, Arce J-C. ESTHER-1 and ESTHER-2 Study Group. Individualization of the starting dose of follitropin delta reduces the overall OHSS risk and/or the need for additional preventive interventions: cumulative data over three stimulation cycles. Reprod Biomed Online 2019; 38 (04) 528-537
  • 61 Ngwenya O, Lensen SF, Vail A, Mol BWJ, Broekmans FJ, Wilkinson J. Individualised gonadotropin dose selection using markers of ovarian reserve for women undergoing in vitro fertilisation plus intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI). Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2024; 1 (01) CD012693
  • 62 Morin SJ, Patounakis G, Juneau CR, Neal SA, Scott RT, Seli E. Diminished ovarian reserve and poor response to stimulation in patients <38 years old: a quantitative but not qualitative reduction in performance. Hum Reprod 2018; 33 (08) 1489-1498
  • 63 Pipari A, Guillen A, Cruz M, Pacheco A, Garcia-Velasco JA. Serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels are not associated with aneuploidy rates in human blastocysts. Reprod Biomed Online 2021; 42 (06) 1211-1218
  • 64 Scantamburlo VM, Linsingen RV, Centa LJR. et al. Association between decreased ovarian reserve and poor oocyte quality. Obstet Gynecol Sci 2021; 64 (06) 532-539
  • 65 Chen P, Chen P, Guo Y, Fang C, Li T. Interaction between chronic endometritis caused endometrial microbiota disorder and endometrial immune environment change in recurrent implantation failure. Front Immunol 2021; 12: 748447
  • 66 Dai X, Wang Y, Yang H. et al. AMH has no role in predicting oocyte quality in women with advanced age undergoing IVF/ICSI cycles. Sci Rep 2020; 10 (01) 19750
  • 67 Gomez R, Schorsch M, Hahn T. et al. The influence of AMH on IVF success. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2016; 293 (03) 667-673
  • 68 Lie Fong S, Baart EB, Martini E. et al. Anti-Müllerian hormone: a marker for oocyte quantity, oocyte quality and embryo quality?. Reprod Biomed Online 2008; 16 (05) 664-670
  • 69 Karlıkaya G, Boynukalin FK, Gultomruk M. et al. Euploidy rates of embryos in young patients with good and low prognosis according to the POSEIDON criteria. Reprod Biomed Online 2021; 42 (04) 733-741
  • 70 Jiang X, Yan J, Sheng Y, Sun M, Cui L, Chen Z-J. Low anti-Müllerian hormone concentration is associated with increased risk of embryonic aneuploidy in women of advanced age. Reprod Biomed Online 2018; 37 (02) 178-183
  • 71 Iliodromiti S, Kelsey TW, Wu O, Anderson RA, Nelson SM. The predictive accuracy of anti-Müllerian hormone for live birth after assisted conception: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. Hum Reprod Update 2014; 20 (04) 560-570
  • 72 Tal R, Tal O, Seifer BJ, Seifer DB. Antimüllerian hormone as predictor of implantation and clinical pregnancy after assisted conception: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Fertil Steril 2015; 103 (01) 119-30.e3
  • 73 Peigné M, Bernard V, Dijols L. et al. Using serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels to predict the chance of live birth after spontaneous or assisted conception: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod 2023; 38 (09) 1789-1806
  • 74 Brodin T, Hadziosmanovic N, Berglund L, Olovsson M, Holte J. Antimüllerian hormone levels are strongly associated with live-birth rates after assisted reproduction. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98 (03) 1107-1114
  • 75 Ligon S, Lustik M, Levy G, Pier B. Low antimüllerian hormone (AMH) is associated with decreased live birth after in vitro fertilization when follicle-stimulating hormone and AMH are discordant. Fertil Steril 2019; 112 (01) 73-81.e1
  • 76 Nelson SM, Fleming R, Gaudoin M, Choi B, Santo-Domingo K, Yao M. Antimüllerian hormone levels and antral follicle count as prognostic indicators in a personalized prediction model of live birth. Fertil Steril 2015; 104 (02) 325-332
  • 77 Khader A, Lloyd SM, McConnachie A. et al. External validation of anti-Müllerian hormone based prediction of live birth in assisted conception. J Ovarian Res 2013; 6 (01) 3
  • 78 La Marca A, Nelson SM, Sighinolfi G. et al. Anti-Müllerian hormone-based prediction model for a live birth in assisted reproduction. Reprod Biomed Online 2011; 22 (04) 341-349
  • 79 Lukaszuk K, Kunicki M, Liss J, Lukaszuk M, Jakiel G. Use of ovarian reserve parameters for predicting live births in women undergoing in vitro fertilization. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2013; 168 (02) 173-177
  • 80 Lukaszuk K, Liss J, Kunicki M. et al. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a strong predictor of live birth in women undergoing assisted reproductive technology. Reprod Biol 2014; 14 (03) 176-181
  • 81 Fridén B, Sjöblom P, Menezes J. Using anti-Müllerian hormone to identify a good prognosis group in women of advanced reproductive age. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2011; 51 (05) 411-415
  • 82 Lee TH, Liu CH, Huang CC, Hsieh KC, Lin PM, Lee MS. Impact of female age and male infertility on ovarian reserve markers to predict outcome of assisted reproduction technology cycles. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2009; 7: 100
  • 83 Merhi Z, Zapantis A, Berger DS, Jindal SK. Determining an anti-Mullerian hormone cutoff level to predict clinical pregnancy following in vitro fertilization in women with severely diminished ovarian reserve. J Assist Reprod Genet 2013; 30 (10) 1361-1365
  • 84 Alson SSE, Bungum LJ, Giwercman A, Henic E. Anti-Müllerian hormone levels are associated with live birth rates in ART, but the predictive ability of anti-Müllerian hormone is modest. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2018; 225: 199-204
  • 85 Balachandren N, Salman M, Diu NL, Schwab S, Rajah K, Mavrelos D. Ovarian reserve as a predictor of cumulative live birth. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020; 252: 273-277
  • 86 Ezoe K, Ni X, Kobayashi T, Kato K. Anti-Müllerian hormone is correlated with cumulative live birth in minimal ovarian stimulation with clomiphene citrate: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020; 20 (01) 740
  • 87 Keane K, Cruzat VF, Wagle S, Chaudhary N, Newsholme P, Yovich J. Specific ranges of anti-Mullerian hormone and antral follicle count correlate to provide a prognostic indicator for IVF outcome. Reprod Biol 2017; 17 (01) 51-59
  • 88 Lee Y, Kim TH, Park JK. et al. Predictive value of antral follicle count and serum anti-Müllerian hormone: Which is better for live birth prediction in patients aged over 40 with their first IVF treatment?. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2018; 221: 151-155
  • 89 Li HWR, Lee VCY, Lau EYL, Yeung WSB, Ho PC, Ng EHY. Role of baseline antral follicle count and anti-Mullerian hormone in prediction of cumulative live birth in the first in vitro fertilisation cycle: a retrospective cohort analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8 (04) e61095
  • 90 Liu L, Zhou C. Anti-Müllerian hormone and antral follicle count differ in their ability to predict cumulative treatment outcomes of the first complete ovarian stimulation cycle in patients from POSEIDON groups 3 and 4. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2020; 46 (09) 1801-1808
  • 91 Nelson SM, Yates RW, Fleming R. Serum anti-Müllerian hormone and FSH: prediction of live birth and extremes of response in stimulated cycles–implications for individualization of therapy. Hum Reprod 2007; 22 (09) 2414-2421
  • 92 Peuranpää P, Hautamäki H, Halttunen-Nieminen M, Hydén-Granskog C, Tiitinen A. Low anti-Müllerian hormone level is not a risk factor for early pregnancy loss in IVF/ICSI treatment. Hum Reprod 2020; 35 (03) 504-515
  • 93 Reijnders IF, Nelen WLDM, IntHout J, van Herwaarden AE, Braat DD, Fleischer K. The value of anti-Müllerian hormone in low and extremely low ovarian reserve in relation to live birth after in vitro fertilization. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2016; 200: 45-50
  • 94 Ata B, Kaplan B, Danzer H. et al. Array CGH analysis shows that aneuploidy is not related to the number of embryos generated. Reprod Biomed Online 2012; 24 (06) 614-620
  • 95 Decanter C, Robin G, Mailliez A. et al. Prospective assessment of follicular growth and the oocyte cohort after ovarian stimulation for fertility preservation in 90 cancer patients versus 180 matched controls. Reprod Biomed Online 2018; 36 (05) 543-551
  • 96 Cobo A, García-Velasco J, Domingo J, Pellicer A, Remohí J. Elective and Onco-fertility preservation: factors related to IVF outcomes. Hum Reprod 2018; 33 (12) 2222-2231
  • 97 Cardozo ER, Thomson AP, Karmon AE, Dickinson KA, Wright DL, Sabatini ME. Ovarian stimulation and in-vitro fertilization outcomes of cancer patients undergoing fertility preservation compared to age matched controls: a 17-year experience. J Assist Reprod Genet 2015; 32 (04) 587-596
  • 98 Fabbri R, Macciocca M, Melotti C. et al. Anti-Müllerian hormone as an ovarian reserve marker in young cancer women who undergo ovarian tissue cryopreservation. Future Oncol 2014; 10 (08) 1343-1351
  • 99 Garavaglia E, Sala C, Taccagni G. et al. Fertility preservation in endometriosis patients: anti-Müllerian hormone is a reliable marker of the ovarian follicle density. Front Surg 2017; 4: 40
  • 100 Hornshøj VG, Dueholm M, Mamsen LS, Ernst E, Andersen CY. Hormonal response in patients transplanted with cryopreserved ovarian tissue is independent of whether freezing was performed in childhood or adulthood. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38 (11) 3039-3045
  • 101 Janse F, Donnez J, Anckaert E, de Jong FH, Fauser BCJM, Dolmans M-M. Limited value of ovarian function markers following orthotopic transplantation of ovarian tissue after gonadotoxic treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96 (04) 1136-1144
  • 102 Anderson RA, Amant F, Braat D. et al; ESHRE Guideline Group on Female Fertility Preservation. ESHRE guideline: female fertility preservation. Hum Reprod Open 2020; 2020 (04) hoaa052
  • 103 Grynberg M, Sermondade N, Sellami I, Benoit A, Mayeur A, Sonigo C. In vitro maturation of oocytes for fertility preservation: a comprehensive review. F&S Reviews 2022; 3 (04) 211-26
  • 104 Sonigo C, Bajeux J, Boubaya M. et al. In vitro maturation is a viable option for urgent fertility preservation in young women with hematological conditions. Hematol Oncol 2020; 38 (04) 560-564
  • 105 Sonigo C, Simon C, Boubaya M. et al. What threshold values of antral follicle count and serum AMH levels should be considered for oocyte cryopreservation after in vitro maturation?. Hum Reprod 2016; 31 (07) 1493-1500
  • 106 Virant-Klun I, Bedenk J, Jancar N. In vitro maturation of immature oocytes for fertility preservation in cancer patients compared to control patients with fertility problems in an in vitro fertilization program. Radiol Oncol 2021; 56 (01) 119-128
  • 107 Peigné M, Decanter C. Serum AMH level as a marker of acute and long-term effects of chemotherapy on the ovarian follicular content: a systematic review. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2014; 12: 26
  • 108 Anderson RA, Wallace WHB. Antimüllerian hormone, the assessment of the ovarian reserve, and the reproductive outcome of the young patient with cancer. Fertil Steril 2013; 99 (06) 1469-1475
  • 109 Anders C, Marcom PK, Peterson B. et al. A pilot study of predictive markers of chemotherapy-related amenorrhea among premenopausal women with early stage breast cancer. Cancer Invest 2008; 26 (03) 286-295
  • 110 Lutchman Singh K, Muttukrishna S, Stein RC. et al. Predictors of ovarian reserve in young women with breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2007; 96 (12) 1808-1816
  • 111 Hamy AS, Porcher R, Cuvier C. et al. Ovarian reserve in breast cancer: assessment with anti-Müllerian hormone. Reprod Biomed Online 2014; 29 (05) 573-580
  • 112 Hamy AS, Porcher R, Eskenazi S. et al. Anti-Müllerian hormone in breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy: a retrospective evaluation of subsequent pregnancies. Reprod Biomed Online 2016; 32 (03) 299-307
  • 113 Decanter C, Morschhauser F, Pigny P, Lefebvre C, Gallo C, Dewailly D. Anti-Müllerian hormone follow-up in young women treated by chemotherapy for lymphoma: preliminary results. Reprod Biomed Online 2010; 20 (02) 280-285
  • 114 Brougham MFH, Crofton PM, Johnson EJ, Evans N, Anderson RA, Wallace WHB. Anti-Müllerian hormone is a marker of gonadotoxicity in pre- and postpubertal girls treated for cancer: a prospective study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012; 97 (06) 2059-2067
  • 115 Goldman RH, Racowsky C, Farland LV, Munné S, Ribustello L, Fox JH. Predicting the likelihood of live birth for elective oocyte cryopreservation: a counseling tool for physicians and patients. Hum Reprod 2017; 32 (04) 853-859
  • 116 Maslow BL, Guarnaccia MM, Ramirez L, Klein JU. Likelihood of achieving a 50%, 60%, or 70% estimated live birth rate threshold with 1 or 2 cycles of planned oocyte cryopreservation. J Assist Reprod Genet 2020; 37 (07) 1637-1643