Retrospective Evaluation of Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty for Weight Loss in Obese Adults: A Single-Center Study at a Government Hospital

Aims This study aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) as a minimally invasive intervention for weight loss among obese adult patients in Saudi Arabia. Conducted at a government hospital, the study assessed key outcomes such as total weight loss, BMI reduction, and the incidence of procedure-related complications. By focusing on a population where obesity and related comorbidities are highly prevalent, the study seeks to contribute to the growing evidence supporting ESG as a viable alternative to traditional weight loss methods, with potential applications in broader healthcare settings across the Kingdom and globally.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from 63 adult patients who underwent ESG at King Saud Hospital, Unaizah, KSA, between January 2018 and December 2022. Patients included were those with a BMI≥27 kg/m², failed dietary measures, or were unfit for or refused bariatric surgery. Exclusion criteria included prior gastrointestinal surgery, significant gastrointestinal disorders, or active alcohol or substance abuse. Outcomes assessed included weight loss, BMI changes, and procedure-related complications over an 18-month follow-up period [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25].

Results The study cohort included 25 males (39.7%) and 38 females (60.3%), with a mean age of 37.06±8.25 years. At baseline, the mean body weight was 95.17±13.29 kg, and the mean BMI was 35.06±3.33 kg/m². The majority of patients (85.71%) were classified as having Class I and II obesity, with 5 patients (7.93%) in Class III obesity, and 4 patients (6.34%) categorized as overweight.

Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG) led to substantial weight reduction, as evidenced by a mean percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL) of 30.25±12.38% at three months, which increased to 38.76±18.66% at 18 months (both p<0.001). The mean total body weight loss (%TBWL) at 3, 6, 12, and 18 months was 12.04±5.14%, 14.22±5.50%, 15.74±6.86%, and 15.25±6.95%, respectively, demonstrating sustained weight loss over the 18-month follow-up period.

The procedure was well tolerated, with only minor adverse effects reported. ESG was reversed in one patient due to persistent abdominal pain, and two patients proceeded to laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) to achieve additional weight control.

Conclusions Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG) has demonstrated safety and efficacy as a minimally invasive approach for achieving significant and sustained weight loss in obese patients. Its advantages over traditional bariatric surgery highlight its potential as an alternative therapeutic option. However, further longitudinal studies are essential to comprehensively assess its long-term outcomes and validate its effectiveness in broader, more diverse patient populations

Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
27. März 2025

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