Zusammenfassung.
Anamnese und Befund: Bei einem 48-jährigen Patienten wurde wegen einer histologisch gesicherten interstitiell-zellulären
Abstoßung 7 Tage nach Nierentransplantation eine aggressive Immunsuppression durchgeführt.
Knapp zwei Monate nach der erfolgreichen Unterdrückung der Abstoßungsreaktion traten
hochfieberhafte Temperaturen auf, die mit einer drastischen Einschränkung der Nierenfunktion
einhergingen. Untersuchungen, Therapie und Verlauf: Das histologisch gesehene interstitielle lymphozytäre Infiltrat mit Tubulitis und
die geringe lymphozytäre Gefäßinfiltration wurden als Abstoßungsreaktion gedeutet
und mit einer verstärkten Immunsuppression behandelt. Es trat eine Verschlechterung
des klinischen Befundes auf. Erst die weitere Nierenbiopsie zwei Wochen danach ergab
die Diagnose einer Polyomavirus-Infektion. Durch eine vorsichtige Rücknahme der Immunsuppression
mit einem niedrigen FK506-Tal-Spiegel von 4 - 6 ng/ml konnte schließlich eine Normalisierung
der Nierenfunktion erreicht werden. Folgerungen: Bei jeder interstitiellen Entzündung in der Transplantatniere muss auch an die Möglichkeit
einer Polyomavirus-Infektion gedacht werden. Der immunhistochemische Virusnachweis
ist eine schnelle, sensible und kostengünstige diagnostische Methode.
Diagnosis and succesful disease control of polyoma virus infection in a transplanted
kidney - a case report.
History and clinical findings: A 48-year-old man had received an aggressive immunosuppressive therapy subsequent
to the diagnosis of an interstitial cellular rejection 7 days after kidney transplantation.
Two months after succesfull control of the rejection episode, he developed high fever
and showed a drastic deterioration of his renal function. Investigation: A renal biopsy showed a distinct interstitial lymphocytic infiltration with focal
tubulitis and modest vasculitis. These changes were interpreted as signs of rejection.
But the renal function deteriorated after an increased immunosuppression. Another
biopsy obtained 2 weeks later revealed a polyoma virus infection. A careful reduction
of the immunosuppresion with a FK506-draft-level of 4 - 6 ng/ml was followed
by normalization of kidney function. Conclusions: A polyoma virus infection must be considered if any interstitial inflammation of
the graft kidey is obvious. The immunohistochemistry is a fast, sensitive and inexpensive
method to detect a polyoma virus infection.
Schlüsselwörter:
Polyomavirus - Transplantatniere - Differen-zialdiagnose - Therapie
Key words:
Polyomavirus infection - Allograft kidney - Differential diagnosis - Therapy
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PD Dr. med. Hui Zhou
Pathologisches Institut der Universität
Postfach 21 20 53011 Bonn
Phone: + 49-228-287-4327
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