Zusammenfassung
Die laparoskopische Splenektomie hat trotz ihrer frühen Erstbeschreibung noch nicht
den Rang einer Standardoperation erreicht, zumal weder die Indikationsstellung noch
die operative Vorgehensweise standardisiert sind. Dies gilt insbesondere für die Frage
der laparoskopischen Splenektomie bei maligner Grundkrankheit. Wir führen seit 1994
die laparoskopische Splenektomie in einer 4-Trokartechnik mit Dissektion des Milzhilus
durch das so genannte „Essener Manöver” durch und berichten erstmals über diese Technik
und deren Ergebnisse bei 68 Patienten mit benigner (n = 42) und maligner (n = 26)
hämatologischer Erkrankung. Nebenmilzen wurden in 17 % der Patienten gefunden und
exstirpiert. Die Konversionsrate zur Laparotomie betrug 9 % (8 von 68 Pat.), die 30-Tage-Letalität
1,4 % (1 Pat.). Insgesamt 11-mal kam es zu relevanten Blutungen, die bei 3 Patienten
zur Konversion zur Laparotomie und in einem Fall zur Relaparotomie führten. Die laparoskopische
Splenektomie ist eine neue minimal-invasive Therapieoption bei benigner und maligner
hämatologischer Erkrankung, deren wesentliches Risiko in intraoperativen Blutungen
besteht.
Abstract
Despite its early description, laparoscopic splenectomy has not yet reached the level
of a standard operation as a therapeutic option for haematological disease, especially
for malignant disorders. We performed laparoscopic splenectomies in a modified 4 port
technique and dissection of the splenic vessels by the „Essen-Manoeuvre” and report
on 68 attempted laparoscopic splenectomies for benign (n = 42) and malignant (n =
26) haematological disorders. Conversion rate was 9 %, 30-days-mortality was 1.4 %,
perioperative morbidity was 11 %, respectively. Accessory spleens were found and resected
in 17 % of our patients. Laparoscopic splenectomy is a new minimally invasive option
for patients with benign and malignant haematological disease fraught with a special
risk of intraoperative bleeding.
Schlüsselwörter
Laparoskopie - Splenektomie - Hämatologische Erkrankungen - Essener Manöver
Key words
Laparoscopy - Splenectomy - Haematological disorders - Essen-Manoeuvre
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Dr. med. Klaus Peitgen
Klinik für Chirurgie und Zentrum für Minimal Invasive Chirurgie
Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Evang. Huyssens-Stiftung
Henricistraße 92
45136 Essen
Phone: 02 01/1 74-18 09
Fax: 02 01/1 74-18 12
Email: kpeitgen@kliniken-essen-mitte.de