Zusammenfassung
Epidemiologische Daten zeigen einen Rückgang der Inzidenz einer akuten Appendizitis.
Derzeit ist von einer Inzidenz von 110 - 200/100 000 Einwohner auszugehen. In der
Diagnostik haben die Sonographie und die Computertomographie, insbesondere bei unklaren
abdominellen Befunden, einen differenzialdiagnostischen Stellenwert. Die Laparoskopie
stellt ein diagnostisches Verfahren mit therapeutischer Option dar und konnte ihren
Stellenwert seit Anfang der 90er-Jahre zunehmend festigen. Im Falle einer nicht perforierten
Appendizitis besteht die Therapie der Wahl in der laparoskopischen Appendektomie.
Vorteile werden hierbei insbesondere hinsichtlich postoperativer Wundinfektionen und
der Rekonvaleszenz gesehen. Bei perforierter Appendizitis und Peritonitis finden sich
nach laparoskopischer Appendektomie höhere Raten postoperativer intraabdomineller
Abszesse. In diesen Fällen sollte die Indikation zur offenen Appendektomie großzügig
gestellt werden.
Abstract
Epidemiological data indicate a decrease in the incidence of acute appendicitis, which
is currently estimated to be 110 - 200 per 100 000 of the population. In the diagnostic
work-up, ultrasonography and computed tomography are of help in the differential diagnosis,
in particular when the abdominal symptoms are unclear. Over the past decade, laparoscopy
has become established as a diagnostic method offering an additional therapeutic option.
In cases of non-perforated appendicitis, the treatment of choice is laparoscopic appendectomy,
the particular benefits of which are to be seen in reduced postoperative wound infection
and faster convalescence. In the event of perforated appendicitis and peritonitis,
laparoscopic appendectomy is associated with a higher rate of postoperative intra-abdominal
abscesses. In these cases, the preferred indication is for open appendectomy.
Schlüsselwörter
Appendizitis - Epidemiologie - Diagnostik - Appendektomie
Key words
Appendicitis - epidemiology - diagnosis - appendectomy
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Dr. med. Andreas Koch
Chirurgische Klinik, Carl-Thiem-Klinikum Cottbus
Thiemstraße 111
03048 Cottbus
Phone: + 49-355-462327
Fax: + 49-355-462337
Email: AKChirurg@aol.com