Endoscopic Ultrasonography

P. Fusaroli; G. Caletti

doi:10.1055/s-2004-826099

Endoscopy, Table of Contents

Endoscopy 2005; 37(1): 1-7
DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-826099

State of the Art

Endoscopic Ultrasonography

P. Fusaroli¹ , G. Caletti¹

¹ Gastroenterology Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna Unit, Italy

Abstract

This paper covers the literature published between June 2003 and August 2004 on endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA). During this period, more than 120 original studies were published on the topic, not to mention editorials and case reports - indirect evidence of the ever-increasing importance of EUS in everyday clinical practice. However, due to limitations of space, this review will focus only on a few articles selected for their importance and originality. The studies presented deal either with the outcome of EUS - i. e., its real importance in affecting the choices physicians are faced with in their clinical work - or definitively clarify certain technical issues that have often been a matter of debate at EUS meetings. Finally, a few papers describing new potential diagnostic or interventional applications of EUS are presented. Many other relevant papers in addition to those discussed in detail are cited in the references.

Full Text

References

1 Sahai A V, Siess M, Kapfer B. et al . Endoscopic ultrasonography for upper gastrointestinal submucosal lesions: a cost minimization analysis with an international perspective. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003; 98 1989-1995
2 Vander Noot M R 3rd, Eloubeidi M A, Chen V K. et al . Diagnosis of gastrointestinal tract lesions by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Cancer. 2004; 102 157-163
3 Kinoshita K, Isozaki K, Tsutsui S. et al . Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy in follow-up patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2003; 15 1189-1193
4 Vazquez-Sequeiros E, Wiersema M J, Clain J E. et al . Impact of lymph node staging on therapy of esophageal carcinoma. Gastroenterology. 2003; 125 1883-1886
5 Harewood G C, Kumar K S. Assessment of clinical impact of endoscopic ultrasound on esophageal cancer. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004; 19 433-439
6 Chang K J, Soetikno R M, Bastas D. et al . Impact of endoscopic ultrasound combined with fine-needle aspiration biopsy in the management of esophageal cancer. Endoscopy. 2003; 35 962-966
7 Agarwal B, Swisher S, Ajani J. et al . Endoscopic ultrasound after preoperative chemoradiation can help identify patients who benefit maximally after surgical esophageal resection. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004; 99 1258-1266
8 Wallace M B, Ravenel J, Block M I. et al . Endoscopic ultrasound in lung cancer patients with a normal mediastinum on computed tomography. Ann Thorac Surg. 2004; 77 1763-1768
9 Varadarajulu S, Schmulewitz N, Wildi S F. et al . Accuracy of EUS in staging of T4 lung cancer. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004; 59 345-348
10 Chen V K, Eloubeidi M A. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration is superior to lymph node echofeatures: a prospective evaluation of mediastinal and peri-intestinal lymphadenopathy. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004; 99 628-633
11 Varadarajulu S, Hoffman B J, Hawes R H. et al . EUS-guided FNA of lung masses adjacent to or abutting the esophagus after unrevealing CT-guided biopsy or bronchoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004; 60 293-297
12 Hernandez L V, Mishra G, George S. et al . A descriptive analysis of EUS-FNA for mediastinal lymphadenopathy: an emphasis on clinical impact and false negative results. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004; 99 249-254
13 Schmulewitz N, Wildi S M, Varadarajulu S. et al . Accuracy of EUS criteria and primary tumor site for identification of mediastinal lymph node metastasis from non-small-cell lung cancer. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004; 59 205-212
14 Wallace M B, Block M, Hoffman B J. et al . Detection of telomerase expression in mediastinal lymph nodes of patients with lung cancer. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003; 167 1670-1675
15 Pellise M, Castells A, Gines A. et al . Detection of lymph node micrometastases by gene promoter hypermethylation in samples obtained by endosonography-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Clin Cancer Res. 2004; 10 4444-4449
16 Wildi S M, Hoda R S, Fickling W. et al . Diagnosis of benign cysts of the mediastinum: the role and risks of EUS and FNA. Gastrointest Endosc. 2003; 58 362-368
17 Harewood G C. Assessment of clinical impact of endoscopic ultrasound on rectal cancer. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004; 99 623-627
18 Vanagunas A, Lin D E, Stryker S J. Accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound for restaging rectal cancer following neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004; 99 109-112
19 Fritscher-Ravens A, Broering D C, Knoefel W T. et al . EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration of suspected hilar cholangiocarcinoma in potentially operable patients with negative brush cytology. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004; 99 45-51
20 Lee J H, Salem R, Aslanian H. et al . Endoscopic ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration of unexplained bile duct strictures. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004; 99 1069-1073
21 Byrne M F, Gerke H, Mitchell R M. et al . Yield of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of bile duct lesions. Endoscopy. 2004; 36 715-719
22 Ainsworth A P, Rafaelsen S R, Wamberg P A. et al . Is there a difference in diagnostic accuracy and clinical impact between endoscopic ultrasonography and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography?. Endoscopy. 2003; 35 1029-1032
23 Seifert H, Wehrmann T, Hilgers R. et al . Catheter probe extraductal EUS reliably detects distal common bile duct abnormalities. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004; 60 61-67
24 Meroni E, Bisagni P, Bona S. et al . Pre-operative endoscopic ultrasonography can optimise the management of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy with abnormal liver function tests as the sole risk factor for choledocholithiasis: a prospective study. Dig Liver Dis. 2004; 36 73-77
25 Soriano A, Castells A, Ayuso C. et al . Preoperative staging and tumor resectability assessment of pancreatic cancer: prospective study comparing endoscopic ultrasonography, helical computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and angiography. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004; 99 492-501
26 Catanzaro A, Richardson S, Veloso H. et al . Long-term follow-up of patients with clinically indeterminate suspicion of pancreatic cancer and normal EUS. Gastrointest Endosc. 2003; 58 836-840
27 Bhutani M S, Gress F G, Giovannini M. et al . The No Endosonographic Detection of Tumor (NEST) Study: a case series of pancreatic cancers missed on endoscopic ultrasonography. Endoscopy. 2004; 36 385-389
28 Micames C, Jowell P S, White R. et al . Lower frequency of peritoneal carcinomatosis in patients with pancreatic cancer diagnosed by EUS-guided FNA vs. percutaneous FNA. Gastrointest Endosc. 2003; 58 690-695
29 Agarwal B, Abu-Hamda E, Molke K L. et al . Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration and multidetector spiral CT in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004; 99 844-850
30 Wamsteker E J, Gauger P G, Thompson N W. et al . EUS detection of pancreatic endocrine tumors in asymptomatic patients with type 1 multiple endocrine neoplasia. Gastrointest Endosc. 2003; 58 531-535
31 Mertz H, Gautam S. The learning curve for EUS-guided FNA of pancreatic cancer. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004; 59 33-37
32 Eloubeidi M A, Chen V K, Eltoum I A. et al . Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy of patients with suspected pancreatic cancer: diagnostic accuracy and acute and 30-day complications. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003; 98 2663-2638
33 Ahmad N A, Kochman M L, Brensinger C. et al . Interobserver agreement among endosonographers for the diagnosis of neoplastic versus non-neoplastic pancreatic cystic lesions. Gastrointest Endosc. 2003; 58 59-64
34 Brugge W R, Lewandrowski K, Lee-Lewandrowski E. et al . Diagnosis of pancreatic cystic neoplasms: a report of the cooperative pancreatic cyst study. Gastroenterology. 2004; 126 1330-1366
35 Song M H, Lee S K, Kim M H. et al . EUS in the evaluation of pancreatic cystic lesions. Gastrointest Endosc. 2003; 57 891-896
36 O’Toole D, Palazzo L, Hammel P. et al . Macrocystic pancreatic cystadenoma: the role of EUS and cyst fluid analysis in distinguishing mucinous and serous lesions. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004; 59 823-829
37 Maire F, Couvelard A, Hammel P. et al . Intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas: the preoperative value of cytologic and histopathologic diagnosis. Gastrointest Endosc. 2003; 58 701-706
38 LeBlanc J K, Ciaccia D, Al-Assi M T. et al . Optimal number of EUS-guided fine needle passes needed to obtain a correct diagnosis. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004; 59 475-481
39 Klapman J B, Logrono R, Dye C E. et al . Clinical impact of on-site cytopathology interpretation on endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003; 98 1289-1294
40 Larghi A, Verna E C, Stavropoulos S N. et al . EUS-guided Tru-Cut needle biopsies in patients with solid pancreatic masses: a prospective study. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004; 59 185-190
41 Varadarajulu S, Fraig M, Schmulewitz N. et al . Comparison of EUS-guided 19-gauge Tru-Cut needle biopsy with EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration. Endoscopy. 2004; 36 397-401
42 Ishikawa H, Hirooka Y, Itoh A. et al . A comparison of image quality between tissue harmonic imaging and fundamental imaging with an electronic radial scanning echoendoscope in the diagnosis of pancreatic diseases. Gastrointest Endosc. 2003; 57 931-936
43 Prasad P, Schmulewitz N, Patel A. et al . Detection of occult liver metastases during EUS for staging of malignancies. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004; 59 49-53
44 DeWitt J, LeBlanc J, McHenry L. et al . Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology of solid liver lesions: a large single-center experience. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003; 98 1976-1981
45 Hollerbach S, Willert J, Topalidis T. et al . Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of liver lesions: histological and cytological assessment. Endoscopy. 2003; 35 743-749
46 Wildi S M, Fickling W E, Day T A. et al . Endoscopic ultrasonography in the diagnosis and staging of neoplasms of the head and neck. Endoscopy. 2004; 36 624-630
47 Eloubeidi M A, Seewald S, Tamhane A. et al . EUS-guided FNA of the left adrenal gland in patients with thoracic or GI malignancies. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004; 59 627-633
48 Eloubeidi M A, Iseman D T, Chen V K. et al . Prevalence and significance of periduodenal venous collaterals in patients evaluated for pancreaticobiliary disorders by endosonography. Endoscopy. 2003; 35 1015-1019
49 Lai L, Brugge W R. Endoscopic ultrasound is a sensitive and specific test to diagnose portal venous system thrombosis (PVST). Am J Gastroenterol. 2004; 99 40-44
50 Lai R, Freeman M L, Cass O W. et al . Accurate diagnosis of pancreas divisum by linear-array endoscopic ultrasonography. Endoscopy. 2004; 36 705-709
51 Giovannini M, Dotti M, Bories E. et al . Hepaticogastrostomy by echo-endoscopy as a palliative treatment in a patient with metastatic biliary obstruction. Endoscopy. 2003; 35 1076-1078
52 Giovannini M, Bories E, Moutardier V. et al . Drainage of deep pelvic abscesses using therapeutic echo endoscopy. Endoscopy. 2003; 35 511-514
53 Mallery S, Matlock J, Freeman M L. EUS-guided rendezvous drainage of obstructed biliary and pancreatic ducts: Report of 6 cases. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004; 59 100-107
54 Kahaleh M, Yoshida C, Kane L. et al . Interventional EUS cholangiography: a report of five cases. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004; 60 138-142
55 Parasher V K, Hernandez L V, Leveen R F. et al . Lymph sampling and lymphangiography via EUS-guided transesophageal thoracic duct puncture in a swine model. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004; 59 564-567
56 Chan H H, Nishioka N S, Mino M. et al . EUS-guided photodynamic therapy of the pancreas: a pilot study. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004; 59 95-99
57 Fritscher-Ravens A, Mosse C A, Mukherjee D. et al . Transgastric gastropexy and hiatal hernia repair for GERD under EUS control: a porcine model. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004; 59 89-95

G. Caletti, M. D.

Gastroenterology Unit, University of Bologna

AUSL di Imola, Ospedale di Castel S. Pietro Terme (BO) · Viale Oriani 1 · 40024 Castel S. Pietro Terme · Italy

Fax: + 39-051-6955206 ·

Email: g.caletti@ausl.imola.bo.it