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Endoscopy 2006; 38: 4-8
DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-946642
Invited papers
Esophageal tumors
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Nodal staging: Number or site of nodes? How to improve accuracy? Is FNA always necessary? Junctional tumors - what's N and what's M?

E. Vazquez-Sequeiros1
  • 1Gastroenterology Division, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Alcala University, SPAIN
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Publication History

Publication Date:
26 June 2006 (online)

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Introduction

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) allows one to identify the presence of lymph nodes in the mid and posterior mediastinum, the perigastric area and the celiac axis region [1]. EUS, by means of endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration biopsy (EUS FNA), may also be employed for procurement of a tissue diagnosis in a minimally invasive fashion [1]. This has been proven to be useful in a number of gastrointestinal and pulmonary malignancies. This review article focuses on nodal staging of esophageal cancer and attempts to answer the following questions: 1. Number or site of nodes for nodal staging? How to improve accuracy of nodal staging? 2. Is FNA always necessary? 3. Junctional tumors - what's N and what's M?

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Enrique Vazquez-Sequeiros, M.D., Ph. D.

C/Diego de Torres 9-3A

Alcala de Henares. Madrid. 28801

SPAIN

Phone: +34-669897935

Fax: +34-918835348

Email: evazquezs@hotmail.com

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