Erosionen – Diagnostik, Prävention und Therapie

Zusammenfassung

Im Laufe des Lebens sind Zähne einer Vielzahl von Einflüssen ausgesetzt, die zu einer Destruktion der Zähne führen können. Während die Prävalenz von Karies in den industrialisierten Ländern rückläufig ist, gewinnen andere Verschleißerscheinungen zunehmend an Bedeutung. Dazu zählen neben den mechanisch bedingten Abrasionen und Attrition v. a. auch die säurebedingten Erosionen. Mechanische und chemische Einflussfaktoren können sich gegenseitig verstärken und damit zu einer schnelleren Progression von Verschleißerscheinungen führen. Besonders gefährdet sind Personen, die sehr häufig säurehaltige Speisen konsumieren, aber auch Personen, deren Zähne regelmäßig der Magensäure ausgesetzt sind–dazu gehören Personen mit einem gastro-ösophagealen Reflux und Personen mit einer Essstörung in Kombination mit Erbrechen. Der folgende Artikel soll Ursachen, diagnostische Kriterien und Differenzialdiagnosen von Erosionen sowie geeignete kausale und symptomatische Präventions- und Therapiestrategien aufzeigen. Zudem soll ein geeignetes Tool zur Dokumentation von Erosionen vorgestellt werden.

Abstract

During the course of life, teeth are exposed to a variety of influences that can lead to various types of tooth destruction. While the prevalence of caries is declining in industrialized countries, other signs of tooth wear are becoming increasingly important. These include mechanical substance losses such as abrasion and attrition as well as acid-induced erosion. Mechanical and chemical factors can mutually reinforce each other and thus lead to a faster progression of signs of wear. Particularly at risk are people who very often consume acidic foods, but also people whose teeth are regularly exposed to gastric acid, including persons suffering from gastro-esophageal reflux disease and persons with an eating disorder in combination with vomiting. The following article shows causes, diagnostic criteria and differential diagnoses of dental erosion, as well as suitable causal and symptomatic preventive and therapeutic strategies. In addition, a tool for the documentation of erosions will be presented.

Schlüsselwörter

Erosionen - kausale Therapie - symptomatische Therapie - zinnhaltige Mundhygienemittel

Key words

Erosion - causal therapy - symptomatic therapy - stannous ion containing oral hygiene products

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