Transitionspsychiatrie – Herausforderungen und Lösungsansätze

Zusammenfassung

Brüche in der psychiatrischen Versorgung beim Übergang vom Jugend- in das Erwachsenalter führen – gerade bei schweren psychischen Erkrankungen – häufig zu einer erheblichen Behandlungsverzögerung und einer besonders hohen Rate von Therapieabbrüchen mit hohem Risiko für frühe Chronifizierungen. Die gemeinsame Task-Force Transition der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie (DGKJP) und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik und Nervenheilkunde (DGPPN) hat daher allgemeine, sektoren- und störungsspezifische Lücken im deutschen psychiatrischen Versorgungssystem analysiert, die einer gelingenden Transition ins erwachsenenpsychiatrische Versorgungssystem entgegenstehen. Der Artikel fasst die Ergebnisse der Task-Force zusammen, skizziert die Ziele und Herausforderungen transitionspsychiatrischer Behandlungsmodelle und deren strukturelle und fachliche Voraussetzungen. Daraus werden die Forderungen und Empfehlungen an Psychiatrieplanung, Gesundheits- und Forschungspolitik sowie Aus-, Fort- und Weiterbildung weitergeleitet, um die Transition von einer adoleszentenzentrierten hin zu einer erwachsenenorientierten psychiatrischen Versorgung in Zukunft optimal zu gestalten.

Abstract

Disruptions in psychiatric care delivery during the transition from adolescence to adulthood frequently lead – particularly in the case of severe mental illness – to a considerable treatment delay and an especially high rate of treatment dropout with a high risk of early chronification. The joint Task Force Transition, of the German Society of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy (DGKJP) and the German Association for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (DGPPN), therefore analyzed general, sector-specific and disorder-specific gaps in the German psychiatric care system which obstruct a successful transition to the adult psychiatric care system. The article summarizes the results of the Task Force, outlines the aims and challenges of transition-psychiatric treatment models, and addresses their structural and professional prerequisites. The requirements and recommendations derived from this are transferred to psychiatric planning, health and research policy as well as education, training and professional development in order to optimally shape the transition from adolescent-centered to adult-oriented psychiatric care in the future.

Schlüsselwörter

Transitionspsychiatrie - Adoleszenz - Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie

Key words

Transition Psychiatry - Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy - emerging adulthood

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