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Laryngorhinootologie 2023; 102(01): 27-31
DOI: 10.1055/a-1076-9686
Übersicht

Dysphagie bei tracheotomierten Patienten nach Langzeitbeatmung

Dysphagia in Tracheostomized Patients after Long-Term Mechanical Ventilation – Become Sensitive to Reduced Pharyngo-Laryngeal Sensitivity
M.-D. Heidler
  Neurologisches Rehabilitationszentrum (N1), Brandenburg-Klinik, Bernau
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Zusammenfassung

Unabhängig von der Art der kritischen Erkrankung haben tracheotomierte Patienten ein hohes Risiko für die Entwicklung einer Schluckstörung. Diese ist potenziell lebensbedrohlich, da sie zu Aspiration und Pneumonie führen kann. Vor einer oralen Nahrungsgabe sollte daher unbedingt eine Schluckdiagnostik mittels Bolusfärbetest und/oder FEES durchgeführt werden. Da ein physiologischer Luftstrom durch den Larynx und ein adäquater subglottischer Druck Schlüsselkomponenten eines effektiven Schluckaktes sind, sollte eine Oralisierung bei geblockter Trachealkanüle möglichst vermieden werden.

Abstract

Independent of the type of critical illness, tracheostomized patients have a high risk of developing a dysphagia. This is potentially life-threatening as it can lead to aspiration and pneumonia. It is therefore essential to perform swallowing diagnostics by means of a bolus dyeing test and/or FEES before oral feeding. Since a physiological airflow through the larynx and adequate subglottic pressure are key components of an effective swallowing act, oralisation should be avoided as far as possible with a blocked tracheal cannula.



Publication History

Article published online:
29 December 2022

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