Stärkung des Immunsystems durch Sport – Eine Frage der Intensität

Zusammenfassung

Sport und körperliche Aktivität haben nicht nur präventivmedizinische Bedeutung für die Gesundheit, sondern auch für die Leistungsfähigkeit des Immunsystems. Entscheidend ist die Dosis: Diabetiker profitierten in einer Studie von moderater Aktivität mit besserer kardiorespiratorischer Fitness, niedrigerem Körperfettanteil, niedrigerem LDL-Cholesterin und besserer Insulinsensitivität. Leistungssportler hingegen leiden auffällig häufig an Infekten der oberen Atemwege, gastrointestinalen Störungen und Erschöpfungssyndromen.

Die sportimmunologische Forschung ist in den letzten Jahrzehnten exponentiell gewachsen. Auf Basis des derzeitigen Wissens kann abgeleitet werden: Das Immunsystem lässt sich trainieren, mit der individuell angepassten Dosis. Die Immunoseneszenz ist durch tägliche Bewegung positiv beeinflussbar. Und immer deutlicher zeigt sich: Die Intensität ist ein entscheidender Faktor, um das Immunsystem zu stimulieren.

Abstract

From the point of view of preventive medicine, sport and physical activity are not only significant for health but also for the performance of the immune system. The decisive factor is the dose: In one study is was shown that diabetics benefited from moderate activity in the form of better cardiorespiratory fitness, lower body fat, lower LDL cholesterol, and better insulin sensitivity. Competitive athletes, on the other hand, remarkably often suffer from infections of the upper respiratory tract, gastrointestinal disorders, and fatigue syndromes.

Research in the field of sports immunology has increased exponentially in the last decades. Based on current knowledge, the following can be deduced: The immune system can be trained with the individually adjusted dose. The immunosenescence can be positively influenced by daily exercise. And it is becoming increasingly clear: The intensity is a decisive factor in stimulating the immune system.

Schlüsselwörter

Immunsystem - Sport - Bewegung - Sportimmunologie - Immunfitness

Key words

Immune system - sport - exercise - sports immunology - immune fitness

Publication History

Article published online:
12 August 2020

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