Successful hemostasis of multiple parapapillary diverticular hemorrhage by clip-with-rubber-band traction technique at the descending duodenum

Various traction devices and techniques have been used to facilitate endoscopic submucosal dissection by creating a clear field of vision and allowing dissections to be performed more quickly and safely [1]. Here, we report successful endoscopic hemostasis of parapapillary diverticular hemorrhage by the clip-with-rubber-band traction technique at the descending duodenum.

A 74-year-old man experienced intermittent tarry stools for 3 days, and about 50 mL hematemesis on the day before admission. Emergency gastroscopy found no obvious blood remaining in the esophagus, stomach, or duodenal bulb ([Video 1]). As gastroscopy progressed, part of a huge diverticulum was seen at the papillary region of the descending duodenum, and a large amount of bright red blood had accumulated in the diverticulum ([Fig. 1 a]). As the gastroscope is a forward-viewing device, the bleeding point, as well as the papilla and entire diverticulum, could not be identified. The gastroscope was therefore replaced with a side-viewing duodenoscope, which allowed visualization of two diverticula and a 2-mm erosion on the ridge of the smaller diverticulum, with the active bleeding site on its surface ([Fig. 1 b]). However, clips could not be applied to the lesion due to the inconvenient angle, even with use of the elevator. We therefore switched back to the gastroscope and attempted the clip-with-rubber-band traction technique.

Video 1 Successful hemostasis of a parapapillary diverticular bleeding by clip-with-rubber-band traction technique.

Fig. 1 Endoscopic views of parapapillary diverticular hemorrhage. a Gastroscope view of the huge bleeding parapapillary diverticulum; however, the papilla and bleeding point could not be clearly identified. b Duodenoscope view of two diverticula and a 2-mm erosion on the ridge of the smaller diverticulum, with the active bleeding site on its surface. c Using a gastroscope, a rubber band was used to assist two clips in pulling the mucosa of the diverticulum ridge to the opposite side of the intestinal wall. d Using the clip-with-rubber-band traction technique, the bleeding point was presented clearly. e Gastroscope view of four clips applied to the superficial mucous membrane of the bleeding point.

A rubber band was used to assist two clips in pulling the mucosa of the diverticulum ridge to the opposite side of the intestinal wall ([Fig. 1 c]); the papilla was also turned toward the intestinal lumen. In order to present the bleeding point clearly, another rubber band was used with two additional clips for improved traction ([Fig. 1 d]). Finally, four clips were used to clip the superficial mucous membrane of the bleeding point, and the bleeding was effectively suppressed ([Fig. 1 e]). Special attention should be paid to avoid clipping the common bile duct and pancreatic duct during the clipping operation [2].

The bleeding point was hidden in the parapapillary diverticulum, which opened toward the anal side making access difficult [3]. In this case, the clip-with-rubber-band method was a good option.

Endoscopy_UCTN_Code_CPL_1AH_2AC

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

• References

• 1 Zheng L, Wang W, Li D. et al. Orthodontic rubber band-assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection: an efficient method for treating superficial colorectal tumors. Gastroenterology Res Pract 2022; 2022: 2835258
• 2 Kim CW, Chang JH, Kim JH. et al. Size and type of periampullary duodenal diverticula are associated with bile duct diameter and recurrence of bile duct stones. J Gastroenterology Hepatol 2013; 28: 893-898
• 3 Miyazaki K, Kato M, Sasaki M. et al. Successful hemostasis of a parapapillary diverticular hemorrhage by the retroflexion technique in the descending part of duodenum. Endoscopy 2023; 55: E66-E67

Publication History

Article published online:
17 March 2023