Mobile Stroke Units – die Zukunft der präklinischen Schlaganfallversorgung?

Eine Mobile Stroke Unit (MSU) ist ein hochspezialisierter Rettungswagen, der mit einem CT-Scanner sowie Point-of-Care-Labordiagnostik ausgestattet und mit entsprechend geschultem Personal besetzt ist. Damit ist es möglich, Schlaganfälle rasch – direkt vor Ort – zu diagnostizieren und behandeln, wodurch die Zeit bis zum Therapiebeginn signifikant verkürzt werden kann.

Kernaussagen

• Mobile Stroke Units (MSUs) erzielen durch prähospitale Diagnostik und frühere Thrombolyse eine Reduktion der schlaganfallbedingten Morbidität und Mortalität und optimieren die präklinische Triage.

• Weltweit ist das Konzept momentan vorwiegend in den USA und Europa verbreitet, jedoch entstehen neue Einheiten u.a. in Asien.

• Aktuelle technische Weiterentwicklung von CT-Geräten und Telemedizin-Equipment erlauben die Entstehung neuer klinischer Vorgehensweisen und versprechen eine verbesserte Vernetzung zwischen betreibenden Versorgern.

• Besondere Herausforderungen im Betrieb von Mobilen Stroke Units liegen in der limitierten Sensitivität der Schlaganfallerkennung auf Leitstellenebene, dem Personalbedarf und der noch fehlenden Kostenübernahme durch die GKV. Diese Herausforderungen könnten am ehesten durch den Zusammenschluss der MSU-Projekte in der PRE-hospital Stroke Treatment Organization (PRESTO) überwunden werden.

• Die erfolgreiche Implementierung von mobilen Stroke Units setzt die Orientierung an den lokalen geografischen und strukturellen Rahmenbedingungen im Sinne eines maßgeschneiderten Ansatzes voraus.

Schlüsselwörter

Schlaganfall - neurologischer Notfall - Apoplex - Lysetherapie - Gehirnblutung - Thrombolyse

Publication History

Article published online:
03 June 2025

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